CLXIL CYPERACE^. 
Ti 7 
Order CLXII. CYPERACE.^. 
Herbs grass-like with solid, often triquetrous, culms. Leaves 
linear or oblong, sheathing with tubular sheaths or reduced to 
sheaths only. Flowers bisexual, small or minute, solitary in the 
axils of a glume, arranged in spikes. Perianth o, or of hypogynous 
bristles or scales. Stamens i to 3. Anthers linear, basifixed. 
Ovary i-celled, i-ovuled. Style slender with 2 or 3 stigmatic 
arms. Fruit a biconvex or trigonous nut. Species about 3000, 
over the whole world. 
Glumes few or many, all distichous. No hypogynous 
1. Kyllinga 
2. Pycreus 
3. Cyperus 
4. Mariscus 
Hypogynous scales 
or 
I. Eucypereje. 
bristles. 
Style bifid; flowers i or 2, in spikelet 
Style bifid; flowers numerous .... 
Style trifid. 
Rachilla of spikelet persistent after fall of glumes 
Rachilla disarticulating above last 2 glumes 
II. SciRPEiE. Flowering glumes in a spiral, 
bristles often present. 
Style-base constrict above top of nut; spikelet i; 
no leaves; bristles 5 to 8 
Style-base persistent or completely deciduous; 
leafy plants; no bristles 
Style-base deciduous but leaving a small knob 
on the nut ...... 
Style-base not articulate passing into nut gradu¬ 
ally; bristles o or 6 linear 
Scales 3 to 6, broad obovate or spathulate 
Scales 2, thin, boat-shaped, enclosing nut 
III. Rhynchospore/E. Glumes not distichous; 
base, bisexual, i or 2, terminal, male or empty. 
Bristles linear or o; spikes panicled. 
Style bifid, base thick conic, persistent 
Style bi- or tri-fid, base conic, not persistent 
Style trifid. 
Three or more lower glumes empty, 2 or 3 
upper fertile ..... 
Lowest flower fertile ..... 
Upper flower fertile. 
Hypogynous scales broad 
Scales and bristles o. 
Big tufted plant with large panicles 
Creeping sand-plant, flowers in a head 
IV. Hypolytre;e, Spikelets of i glume-like bract, 2 thin boat-shaped 
glumes with i stamen each and 4 to 9 thin glumes (squamellcn) i or more 
with a stamen. Female flower terminal. 
Spikes in a corymbose panicle. 
Style bifid, squamellne 2, monandrous 
Style trifid, squamellie 6, 2 or 3 monandrous 
Spikes solitary or several in a head; leaves 
pandan-like .... 
Spikes in a short panicle; leaves pandan-like 
Spikes solitary on leafless stem . 
V. ScLERiEiE. Spikelets unisexual or i or more male above a female. 
Nuts stipitate on a disc, bony white or purple, smooth or tessellate. 
23. SCLERIA 
VI. Carice.e. Spikelets of male or female flowers, or both. Nut en¬ 
closed in an utricle . , , . , .24. Carex 
5. Eleocharis 
6. Fimbristylis 
7. Bulbostylis 
8. SCIRPUS 
9. Fuirena 
10. Lipocarpha 
several empty ones at 
11. Rhynchospora 
12. Actinoschcenus 
13. SCHCENUS 
14. Cladium 
15. Lepidosperma 
16. Gahnia 
17. Remirea 
18. Hypolytrum 
ig. Thoracostachyum 
20. Mapania 
21 . SCIRPODENDRON 
22 . LePIRONIA 
