FimhYhiylis,'] clxii. cyperace^e. 155 
white, Hab. Common on grassy and sandy spots, especially jungle 
paths, often completely covering them; culms erect in drier places, 
longer and prostrate in wetter spots. Whole Peninsula, Singapore 
to Penang, Disirib. Mergui, Malay islands, Australia and Polynesia. 
Native name : Rumpu Girah. 
(8) F. diphylla Vahl. Emm. ii. 289; Clarke in Hook. fil. 
F.B.l, vi. 626; Ridl. Mat. hi. 91. F. laxa Vahl. l.c. 292. F, 
communis Kunth. Emm. ii. 234. 
A tufted plant with very short or no rhizome. Culms i to 24 in. 
long, 3- to 5-angled. Leaves linear, glabrous or hairy. Umbels 
I to 8 in. across, rays generally numerous. Spikelets ol>ovoid or 
oblong acute or blunt. Glumes ovate, keeled, sometimes mucronate, 
chestnut, glabrous, keel green. Style villous. Nut half as long as 
glume, obovoid, ribbed, with numerous transverse bars. Hab. 
Common in waste ground everywhere. Very variable in size and 
development of umbel, all over the Peninsula. Distrib. All warm 
countries, very common. 
var. b. pliiristriata Clarke l.c. F. pilosa of most authors, except 
Vahl. F. tomentosa Vahl. l.c. 290, A plant about 3 ft tall. Leaves 
and sheaths especially, roughly hairy. Nut often more or less 
tubercular on the shoulders. Hab. Singapore at Chua Chu Kang and 
Chasseriau Estate (Ridley). Distrib. China, India, Borneo. Native 
names: RumputParah; Rumpiit Purun Batu. 
(9) F. trichophylla Ridl. 
A densely tufted plant. Leaves filiform linear, very slender, 
6 to 9 in. tall. Cuhns filiform, 6 to 12 in. tall; umbel of 4 or 5 
slender branches i to 1-25 in. long, each bearing i spike, with a 
central spike sessile in the centre of the umbel or spikes, i sub¬ 
terminal, terminal leaf longer than the umbel. Spikes ovate, -i in. 
long. Glumes ovate blunt mucronate, not keeled, pale browm. 
Style glabrous, bifid. Nut black, obovoid, flattened longitudinally, 
ribbed and minutely trabeculate. Hab. Lankawi, Telok Apan 
(Hanifi 7077). 
(10) F. podocarpa Nees in Wight, Contrib. 98; Clarke in Hook, 
fil. F.B.L vi. 638; Ridl. Joiirn. Roy. As. Soc. S, Br. 59, p. 222. 
A stiff wiry sedge. Culms 2 ft. tall, tufted, on a short rhizome. 
Leaves narrow linear blunt, stiff, 4 in. long, i in. wide. Umbel cymose, 
I in. long. Spikelets 5 to 12, -5 in. long, cone-shaped. Glumes 
ovate, hardly keeled, pale with yellowish brown edge. Style flat, 
edge ciliate. Nut orbicular-obovoid, smooth, straw colour, on a short 
red stalk. Hab. Rice-fields and damp heaths in the north, Kedah, 
Alor Sta. Perlis, Kanga. Setul heath (Ridley). Distrib. Indo- 
Malaya, China. 
(11) F. aestivalis Vahl. Enmn. ii. 288; Clarke in Hook. fit. 
F.B.l. vi. 631^; Ridl. Mat. hi. 92. F. Griflithiana Steud. Syn. 
Cyp. no. 
A small tufted annual 2 to 10 in. tall. Leaves half as long as the 
