156 CLXIL CYPERACE^. [Fimhrisiylis, 
culm or less, pubescent or glabrescent. Culms slender, ribbed. 
Umbel compound, i to 2 in. across. Spikelets numerous, oblong, 
sub-cylindric, yellow-brown, *12 to -25 in. long. Glumes narrow 
lanceolate, keeled, mucronate, squarrose. Style slender. Nut 
obovoid, yellowish, reticulate, shortly stalked and beaked, one- 
third the length of the glume. Hah. Waste ground and open spots, 
Singapore Gardens. Malacca (Griffith). Pahang, along the river 
to Kwala Tembeling and along the Rumpin River. Bindings, 
Pulau Sembilan. Kelantan, Kota Bharu in rice-fields. Disirib. 
Indo-Malaya, China and Japan, Australasia. Native name: Rumput 
Surai. 
(12) F. ferruginea Vahl. Enuni. ii. 291 ; Clarke m Hook, 
fil. F.B.I. vi. 638; Ridl. Mat. iii. 92. 
Rhizome short and stout or none. Culms several, 10 to 30 in. 
tall, stout, angled, base covered with dark brown polished sheathing 
leaves. Leaves usually i, narrow, blunt, stiff, i to 6 in. long. 
Umbel simple or compound, 3 in. long or shorter with 5 to 7 (rarely 
more) to 30 spikelets. Spikelets oblong cylindric, acute, -25 to -3 in. 
long. Glumes broad, rounded mucronate, keeled, red-brown at 
first, grey-pubescent. Style broad linear, hairy. Stigmas 2, 
slender. Nut ovoid, half the length of the glume, dark brown, 
finely reticulate. Hah. Tidal mud, common; Singapore, Pulau 
Ubin; Kranji. Johor, Tanjong Surat (Kelsall). Malacca (Grif¬ 
fith) ; Ayer Panas (Cantley). Penang (Diedrichsen). Kelantan, 
Kamposa. Setul Heath (Ridley). 
var. arvensis, F. arvensis Vahl. Enum. ii. 291. Plant tufted, ' 
hardly rhizomatous. Stems slender, 18 in. tall. Leaves very 
narrow-linear acute, i to 3 to a stem, 6 to 9 in. long. Spikelets 
ovate acute, -25 in. long. Glumes paler, broader. Hah. Damp 
inland spots, Selangor, Ampang (H. S. Hume 7391, 7347, 7333)- 
These two forms are utterly dissimilar in habit, but Clark considered 
them the same species, and these are more or less intermediate forms. 
(13) F. longispica Syn. Cyp. 118; Clarke in Hook. fil. 
F.B.I. vi. 639; Ridl. Mat. iii. 93. 
Culms crowded on a short stout rhizome, bases swollen, with 
brown scale-leaves, 18 to 24 in. tall, rather stout. Leaves shorter, 
4 to 12 in. long, -12 in. across, blunt stiff. Umbel simple or com¬ 
pound, I to 3 in. long. Bracts short. Spikelets cylindric, -5 in. 
long, brown. Glumes broad oblong rounded, strongly mucronate, 
edges pubescent. Stamens 2. Style broad, edge fimbriate. Nut 
obovoid reticulate. Hah. Sandy heaths, very local, Pahang, Pekan 
and Rumpin river. Setul (Ridley). Tringganu (Yapp). Distrih. 
China and Japan. 
The forms from the two last localities are short-leaved, leaves only 4 in. long. 
(14) F. spathacea Roth. Nov. PL Sp. 24; Clarke in Hook. fil. 
F.B.I. vi. 640; Ridl. Mat. iii. 93. F. glomerata Nees, Limicea, ix. 
290. F. rigida Kiinth. Enum. ii. 231. 
Tufted stiff plant, 4 to 20 in. tall, with dry brown sheaths at 
