CLXII. CYPERACE^. 
Cladium.'] 
167 
long as glume, oblong-ellipsoid, beak conic, small, hairy, bright- 
chestnut. Hab. Swampy spots usually near the sea, rare. 
Singapore, Changi; Bukit Mandai. Distrib. China, Japan, 
Australia, New Zealand. 
(2) C. undulatum Tke>. Enum. 353 ; Clarke in Hook. fil. F.B.I. 
vi, 674; Ridl. Mat. iii. 86. Tricostularia fimbristyloides BentJi. FI. 
Austral, vii. 863. 
Rhizome short, stout, whole plant forming large tussocks. 
Leaves numerous wiry, 6 to 12 in. long, very narrow. Culms 18 to 
24 in. tall, slender. Panicle 5 to 6 in. long, diffuse, bracts long. 
Spikelets clustered, 2 to 5 together, on zigzag branches, browm. 
Glumes narrow lanceolate acute, keeled, 2 basal empty. Bristles 
6, half the length of the nut. Nut -05 in. long, ovoid, beak small 
hairy, brown. Hab. Sandy or dry open country, local, but abundant 
where it occurs. Pahang at Pekan. Setul Heath (Ridley). Distrib. 
Ceylon, Sumatra, Borneo, Labuan, Australia. 
(3) C. pulchrum Ridl. Jottrn. F.M.S. Mus. vi. 192, 
Rhizome short, base of stem swollen, covered with red-brown 
sheaths. Leaves linear, 6 to 9 in. long, -08 in. wide, enlarged bases 
•25 in. across. Inflorescence 10 to 14 in. tall, panicle 1-5 to 3 in, 
long, dense; rachis fle.xiious, branches 6 or 7, -5 in. long, lower 
glumes of spikelets 3, empty, broadly lanceolate, red, fertile one 
lanceolate. Stamens 3. Bristles 3, pubescent, half as long as the 
nut. Hab. High mountains on sandstone rock Pahang, Gunong 
Tahan on the Padang at 5500 ft. altitude (Ridley). 
(4) C. Maingayi Clarke m Hook. fil. F.B.I. vi. 674; Ridl. Mat. 
iii. 86. 
Large tufted plant with stout rhizome and broad sword-shaped 
acute distichous leaves, 3 ft. long, -5 to *75 in. wide. Culm 4 ft. 
tall or more with one or two leaves, panicled with numerous sinuate 
branches. Spikelets ovoid, deep brown, clustered. Glumes ovate, 
edges ciliate, two or three basal empty, two to four fertile. Bristles 6, 
liairy above. Nut trigonous turgid, beak long pyramidal, hairy. 
Hah. Mountains at 3000 to 5000 ft. altitude. On wet rocks. Malacca, 
Mount Ophir (all collectors). Pahang, Gunong Tahan (Ridley). 
Perak, Gunong Bubu (Wray). Distrib. Celebes. Native name: 
Jeringu Laut. 
15 . LEPIDOSPERMA, Labill. 
Stiff stoloniferous plants, leafy at base only. Panicle of many 
spikelets, of 5 to 10 glumes with 2 or 3 flowers, rarely producing 
more than i nut, lower flower male. Bristles 6 ovate with setaceous 
or acute point. Style trifid, branches long, base glabrous, fused into 
nut. Nut smooth trigonous. Species, 36, all Australian except i 
species. 
(i) L. chinense Nees and Meyen. Linnaia ix. 302; Clarke in 
Hook, fil, F.B.I. vi. 676; Ridl. Mat. iii. 98. 
Leaves terete glaucous acute, 18 to 24 in. long. Culm 3 ft. long 
