CLXII. CYPERACE^. 
Thoracostachyum.'] 
171 
(1) Th. bancanum Kurz, Tijdschr. Nat. Vereen. Ned. Ind. 
xxvii. 286; Clarke in Hook. fil. F.B.L vi. 680; Ridl. Mat. iii. 102. 
Hypolytriim bancanum Knrz, Joitrn. As. Soc. Beng. xxxvii. ii, p. 
74; Miq. III. FI. Arch. Ind. 59. 
Rhizome rather stout. Leaves 18 in. long, -25 to -5 in. wide, 
edges rough. Culm 2 ft. tall, triquetrous. Panicle 2 to 3 in. across, 
branches scabrid. Bracts 6 to 12 in. long. Spikes few to 50, 
clustered in 2 to 35, pale. Glume ovate. Squamellae 4, outer two 
keeled, ciliate. Nut narrow at base, above acuminately beaked, 
beak black or dark brown, 3-grooved, shining. Hab. In damp 
woods, common in the south. Singapore (Wallich); Chan Cliu 
Kang; Changi. Johor, Sempang Kiri, Batu Pahat. Malacca 
(Griffith); Ayer Keroh. Pahang, Pekan. Perak (Wray). Distrib. 
Banca and Borneo. Native name: Kumput Senayan Batu. 
var. lotigispica Clarke, l.c., is a form with elongate cylindric spikes -5 in. 
long due to the attacks of an UsUlago. It occurs with the normal form. 
(2) Th. hypolytroides Clarke in Hook, fil, F.B.L vi. 681 ; 
Ridl. Mat. iii. 102, Mapania hypolytroides Bcnth. FI. Austral., 
vii. 341. 
Stolons long, stout. Leaves 3 ft. long, i in. wide, edges scabrid. 
Culm taller, stout, trigonous. Panicle very large, decompound, 
branches spreading, 6 in. long or more. Spikes very numerous, 
sub-globose, pale, solitary or in threes. Glume pale, dotted red, 
ovate. Hab. Wet swamps in forests, local. Johor, Kwala Kahang 
(Kelsall). Malacca, Merlimau; Sungei LMang, Distrib, Australia, 
New Guinea. Native names : Umbai; Rumput Biru. Use : For 
making mats. 
20 . MAPANIA, Aubl. 
Tufted forest plants with narrow or broad scabrid leaves often 
resembling those of a Pandanus. Inflorescence a single spike or 
head of spikes on a scape shorter than the leaves. Spikes 
containing many spikelets, each spikelet consisting of i ovate glume 
and 6 narrow hyaline glumes (squamellae), lanceolate, boat-shaped, 
3 keeled, containing i stamen each and 3 empty and a terminal 
pistil with a long trifid style. Nut rather large, ovoid or pyriform, 
stipitate. Species about 40, tropics of Asia, Assam, Ceylon, Malaya, 
Africa and South America. 
Leaf linear acuminate. 
Spikes several in a head. 
Scape tall, stout; spikes 10 to 20 . . « (i) M. palustris 
Scape slender long; spikes 1 to 15; leaves dull 
green, very scabrid . . . ■ . (2) M. Kurzii 
Scape slender long; spikes i to 15; leaves pale 
glaucesccnt, minutely scabrid . . ■ (3) M- albescens 
Scape long stout ; spikes long cylindric . . (4) M. longispica 
Scape short; spikes ovoid, 4 . . . . (5) M. valida 
Scape stout, 4 to 6 in. long; spikes in a dense 
ovoid head, i‘5 in. long . . . . ' (6) M. Wallichii 
Spikes solitary. 
Scapes I to 2 ft. long, slender . . . . (7) M. longa 
