CLXII. CYPERACE^. 
i8o 
[Scleria. 
100 to 3000 ft. Johor, Gimong Pulai. Pahang, Kwala Lipis 
(Machado). Perak, Thaiping Hills. Penang at 2500 to 3000 ft. 
altitude. 
var. decolorans Clarke, l.c. Robust plant, dark red. Nuts 
finally black purple. Penang Hill. Distrib. India, Ceylon, Java, 
China. 
(15) S. chinensis Kunih. Enmn. ii. 357; Clarke in Hook. fil. 
F.B.I. vi. 690; Ridl. Mat. hi. 114. 
Tall rather slender plant, 2 ft. long or more, glabrous. Leaves 
6 to 15 in. long, *12 in. wide or more, sheaths triquetrous, not 
winged, ligules with an ovate-oblong blunt brown biauriculate 
process -2 in. long. Panicles pyramidal, lax, about 4, dark red. 
Bracts setaceous conspicuous. Nut small ovoid-oblong blunt, 
tessellate purple. Hah. Mountains, rare, on Kedah Peak at 
3000 ft. altitude. Penang Hill (Ridley). Distrib. Ceylon, Malaya, 
China, Australia. 
(16) S. biflora Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. 573; Clarke in Hook. fil. 
F.B.I. vi. 687; Ridl. Mat. iii. 115. 
A small tufted glabrous plant 12 to 18 in. tall or less. Leaves 
6 to 18 in. long, about *12 in. wide, nearly as long as the culms. 
Panicle narrow elongate, -5 to i in. long; spikelets unisexual, dark 
brown. Nut globose hairy, tessellate, -i in. long, with a short 
black beak (the style base). Hah. Common in grass plots and by 
roadsides. Singapore, Tanglin; Blakan Mati; Bukit Timah. 
Pahang, Pulau Tawar. Penang, Waterfall (Curtis). Distrib. 
Indo-Malaj^a and China. 
(17) S. carphiformis Ridl. Joiirn. F.M.S. Mas. vi. 194. S. 
Neesii Kunth. Enmn. ii. 358. var. Borneensis Clarke, l.c. 688; Ridl. 
Mat. iii. 115. 
Culms 3 together in a tuft, base covered with hairy sheaths. 
Leaves 3 or 4, linear, blunt, 6 in. long, -12 in. wide, glaucous, green, 
edges and keel with long white hairs. Panicle 2 in. long, with 2 or 
3 distant fascicles of spikelets subsessile. Bracts leafy, 1-5 in. long 
or less. Spikelets two or three males to one female. Male -25 in. 
long, glumes dark red, with white hairs, 4 lower ones empty, 4 upper 
ones with 3 stamens each. Female spikelets shorter. Glumes 4 as in 
the male, i-fiowered. Style trifid. Nut hemispheric, base broad, 
•I in. long, white, pustular, with stellate brown hairs, disc orbicular. 
Hab. Open places on mountains, rare, in damp spots. Pahang, 
Gunong Tahan at 6000 ft. altitude. Kedah Peak at 3000 ft. altitude 
(Ridley). 
24. CAREX, Linn. 
Herbs with leafy culms. Spikelets few or many, remote or 
clustered, bisexual or unisexual, low'er flow'ers female, upper ones 
male. Glumes imbricate spirally, males wdth two or three stamens.. 
Females a compressed trigonous ovary with a slender bifid or trifid 
