CLXiil. GRAMINE^. [Sacckarum. 
banks. Selangor, Batu Caves. Perak River. Kelantan River. 
Distrib. India, China. Native name : Tehran. 
5 . officinarum Linn, the sugar-cane, is commonly cultivated, formerly 
extensively in Province Wellesley. Native name : Tebu. 
5. SCLEROSTACHYUM, Stapf. 
Tall grasses forming large clumps. Leaves long, broad. Pani¬ 
cles large on tall culms, not silky; rachis slender, fragile. Spikelets 
small, purple, both pedicelled, callus silky. Glumes stiff lanceolate 
blunt. No awns. Species 2, i Indian and Indo-Chinese, the other 
Malay Peninsula. 
(i) S. Ridleyi Stapf. MSS. Saccharum Ridleyi Hack. Oesterr. 
Bot. Zeitschr. 1891; Ridl. Mat. iii. 153; Hook. fit. F.B.I. vii. 120. 
A tall grass forming huge clumps. Leaves long, glabrous, -5 in. 
across, edges scabrid. Culms 8 ft. tall, -25 in. through, solid. 
Panicle 14 to 16 in. long, purple. Spikelets in pairs, lanceolate, 
shining, nodes of branches and base of spikelet covered with white 
hairs but shorter than the spikelet. Glume I lanceolate acute; 
glume II ciliate at tip; glumes III and IV shorter hyaline, ciliate 
at tip. Stamens 3, purple-red. Stigma purple. Hab. Very local 
but abundant on the Pahang River banks at Pekan, covering a 
considerable tract of low-lying country (Ridley). 
6. MISCANTHUS, Anders. 
Tall grasses, spikes long simple and branched, very slender, 
crowded at the end of a tall culm into a fan-shaped corymb. 
Rachis obscurely jointed. Spikelets very numerous in unequally 
peduncled pairs, i-flowered, one or both awned. Callus with long 
white silky hairs. Glumes 4. Glume I chartaceous nearly flat; 
glume II similar, more convex; glume III hyaline ovate; glume IV 
hyaline, bifid, awned. Palea minute. Lodicules cuneate. Styles 
free, rather short. Grain linear-oblong, free. Species 6 or 7, Asia 
and Polynesia. 
(i) M. japonicus Anders. Oef. Vet. Acad. Stockh. 1855, p. 156. 
About 10 ft. tall. Culm -25 in. through. Leaves -25 to -5 in. wide. 
Panicle i ft. long. Spikelets numerous, rather distant, generally 
purplish, *25 in. long. Callus hairs as long as the spikelet, white. 
Hah. Local. Perak at Tapah and Telom (Ridley). Distrib. 
Japan, Malay islands. 
7. SORGHUM, Pers. 
Annual or perennial grasses, often very stout. Leaves often 
large, linear-acuminate. Panicles erect or nodding with numerous 
slender branches, often whorled. Spikelets in pairs, i sessile, and 
I pedicelled. Florets 2, lower one reduced to an empty valve, 
upper bisexual in the sessile, male or neuter if present in the 
pedicelled spikelet. Glumes I and II equal, coriaceous, boat- 
