Isch£Bmum.'\ CLXiii. gramine^. 201 
acuminate, paleate; glume IV shorter, ovate-lanceolate, awned or 
not. Awn when present nearly twice as long as glume, base dark 
coloured. Hob. Local in the south of the Peninsula, and the 
islands south of Singapore as far as Labuan, near rivers and on the 
sea coast, often very abundant. Singapore, Blakan Mati; Seran- 
goon. Johor, Tebing Tinggi. Disirib. Borneo, Siam. 
Rendle describes the plant as awnless, but even specimens from Blakan 
Mati, the type locality, are awned. 
(4) I. Iseve Ridl. Jotirn. Roy, As. Soc. S. Br. 44, p. 207; Mat. 
iii. 158. 
Tall plant resembling I. magnum. Leaves 3 in. long, -25 in. 
wide, tip scabrid at edge. Racemes 2, erect, 4 in. long. Spikelets 
*25 in. long, joints and angles of rachis ciliate. Glume I narrow 
elliptic-oblong, sub-mucronate smooth, edge ciliate; glume II 
lanceolate, shorter, edge ciliate; glume III similar; glume IV 
shorter, lanceolate, with a short straight awn, Hab. Wet ditches. 
Singapore at Galang (Ridley). 
Possibly a variety of I. magnum. 
(5) I. muticum Linn. Sp. PI. 1049 i Hook. fil. F.B.I. vii. 132; 
Ridl. Mat. i. 159. 
A long creeping, or sub-erect scandent grass, often many feet 
long and branching. Leaves lanceolate acute, base broad glabrous 
or hairy, 1-5 to 4 in. long, -25 to *5 in. wide; sheaths hairy. 
Racemes 2, erect thick, so appressed as to appear one, -5 to 2 in, long, 
glabrous, coppery, stout. Glume I lanceolate, stiffly cartilaginous 
acute, pale or white, veins elevate green, edge with a serrulate 
wing, tip 2-toothed; glume II similar, tip keeled, minutely serru¬ 
late; glume III ovate-lanceolate, thin, reddish; glume IV thin 
convolute; awm very short. Stigmas large, white. Hab. Common over 
the whole Peninsula, especially by the sea from Singapore to Perils. 
var. repens Hack. Monogr. Androp. 202. Low long-creeping, 
ascending branches 2 to 5 in. long. Hab. Sea shores and dry 
sandy spots. 
var. erectum. Stems slender scandent or erect, over i ft, long. 
Hab. Thickets and mangrove swamps. Disirib, Indo-Malaya, 
China. Native names: Rumput Tembaga jantan; Rumput 
Temtus Tembaga. Use : Leaves applied to head for headache by 
Malays. 
(6) I. pliimulosum Stapf. MSS. 
Grass over 4 ft. tall. Culm woody, rooting at the nodes at base 
for about 2 ft., nodes silky. Leaves lanceolate acuminate, about 
5 in, long, ‘5 in. wide, glabrous, edge minutely denticulate, base 
narrowed, ligule short, broad truncate. Racemes 2, appressed, 
2 in. long; pedicels long-silky on the edges. Spikelets -12 in. 
long. Glume I thinly coriaceous, lanceolate acuminate, narrowed 
at the base, purplish above, with 5 to 8 raised ribs, puberulous; 
