222 CLXIII. GRAMINE^. [OpUsmcnuS. 
rocky spots in shade; common. Johor, Pulau Tinggi (Feilding). 
Pahang, mouth of Pahang River. Malacca, Selangor, Batu Caves. 
Penang, Waterfall Gardens (Burkill); Penara Biikit (Curtis). 
Lankawi islands, Buraii (Robinson). Kelantan, Kwala Lebir 
(Ridley); Kwala Aring (Yapp). Distrib. Tropics generally. 
A rather variable plant. One form Penang (Curtis) and Lankawi is tall 
with long distant spikes, and nearly or quite glabrous leaves. 
35 . ECHINOCHLOA, Beauv. 
Annual grasses. Racemes numerous crowded or separate. 
Spikelets secund in 3 or 4 rows on one side of a more or less flattened 
sinuous rachis, globose or ovoid. Glume I very short round; 
glume II ovate cuspidate or acuminate or awned. Species 20 
to 25, warm regions of both hemispheres. 
Inflorescence dense of many racemes; spikelets usually 
awned; robust plant. (i) E. Crus-Galli 
Racemes fewer remote, not awned, not robust . . (2) E. colona 
(1) E. Crus-Galli Beam, xigrost. 161. Panicum Crus-Galli 
Linn. Sp. PL 56; Hook. fil. F.B.l. vii. 30; Ridl. Mat. iii. 132. 
A large coarse glabrous grass, i to 3 ft. tall. Leaves broad 
linear acuminate, dark green, 9 to 12 in. long, -25 in. wide. Inflor¬ 
escence dense, 6 in. long, of numerous racemes *5 to 1-25 in. long, 
bristly at the nodes. Spikelets numerous, crowded, green or 
purplish. Glume I short blunt round; glume II ovate oblong 
cuspidate; glume III like glume II but longer, cuspidate or awned; 
glume IV elliptic. Hab. Waste ground, sporadic in the Peninsula, 
but not common. Singapore (Hullett). Johor, Pengerang (Kel- 
sall); Sempang Kanan, Batu Pahat. Pahang, Temerloh. Selan¬ 
gor, Bukit Kudah. Port Swettenham (Nur). Penang, Balik Pulau; 
Bagian Jennal (Curtis). Kelantan, Kamposa. Distrib. All warm 
countries. 
A very variable plant, some forms strongly awned (var. longiseta), others 
wdth the glume merely cuspidate. 
Nearly all the specimens above quoted were the var. longiseta. 
(2) E, colona Link, Hort. Berol. ii. 209. Panicum colonum 
Linn. Syst. Veg. 870, and Sp. PL {ed. ii) 84; Hook. fit. F.B.l. vii. 
32 ; Ridl. Mai. iii. 132. 
Tufted grass 6 to 18 in. tall, glabrous. Leaves linear acuminate, 
I to 3 in. long, -i in. wide. Racemes 6 to 8, distant, -5 in. long; 
rachis scabrid. Spikelets crowded, white, green or purple, *05 in. 
long, sub-globose hairy. Glume I ovate acute to sub-cuspidate; 
ghimes II and III elliptic-ovate, acute or cuspidate; glume IV 
oblong acute, nearly as long. Hab. A weed in waste ground and 
on seashores. Common all over the Peninsula. Singapore, Tanglin; 
Jurong Road (Burkill). Johor, Bukit Murdom (Kelsall); Johor 
Bharu (Feilding). Malacca Town. Pahang, along the Pahang 
