CLXIII. GRAMINE.'E. 
Pant cum.'\ 
227 
acuminate, 6 in. to 2 ft. long, *5 in. wide, scabrid on the edges. 
Panicle tall, at first compact, eventually wide spreading, i ft. long, 
9 in. wide, branches slender. Spikelets oblong blunt, olive green, 
on pedicels mostly longer,-i in. long. Glume I ovate round, one-fourth 
the length of the spikelet; glume II elliptic lanceolate apiculate; 
glume III as long; glume IV thinly crustaceous. Hah. Cultivated 
ground. Singapore. Selangor in thickets near Klang Gates. 
The Guinea Grass, a native of Africa, is cultivated as a horse-fodder, but 
although usually considered one of the best fodders, it fell into disrepute 
owing to its having caused fatal colic when given in too large a quantity. 
It appears, however, to be safe when given in small quantities mixed with 
other grass and not wet. 
(10) P. sarmentosum Roxb. FI. Ind. i. 308; Hook. fil. F.B.I. 
vii. 54; Ridl. Mat. iii. 140. 
A very tall growing scandent grass with much branched, woody 
solid culms from 6 to 50 ft. long. Leaves lanceolate-linear acumi¬ 
nate, glabrous or hairy, narrowed at base, 5 to 12 in. long, -25 to 
•5 in. wide. Panicle 7 to 12 in. long, dense. Spikelets small, 
brown, ellipsoid, blunt, on short peduncles, very numerous. Glume I 
ovate blunt, half as long as glume II, which equals glume III and 
is ribbed; glume IV shorter, oblong blunt. Hah. Thickets and 
open edges of woods, often forming great masses scrambling over 
bushes and ascending to tree-tops. Singapore (Wallich); Grange 
Road; Sumbawang; Changi (Ridley). Johor, Kota Tinggi; 
Gunong Pantai (Kunstler); Sungei Mati Road (Feilding). Pahang, 
Raub (Machado). Malacca, Machap (Derry). Selangor, Kampong 
Kerling; Raw^ang; Menuang Gasing (Kloss). Perak, Thaiping 
Waterfall; Gunong Pondok Pass (Burkill). Province Wellesley, 
Ara Kudah. Penang, Moniot’s Road (Curtis). Tringganu, Bimdi 
(Rostados). Setul (Ridley). Distrib. Indo-Malaya, China. Native 
names: Rumput Jangut Ali; Rumput Kulubong. Use: The 
roots chewed with betel nuts as an aphrodisiac. 
(11) P. montanum Roxb. Ft. Ind. i, 313; Hook, fit, F.B.I. vii. 
53; Ridl. Mat. iii. 139, 
Erect grass. Culms slender, 2 ft. tall, often woody. Leaves 
lanceolate acuminate, base broad cordate, 3 to 5 in. long, *5 to 
•75 in. wide, sparingly hairy above, edges ciliate; nerves 10, con¬ 
spicuous beneath. Panicle very lax, 6 to 8 in. long, with spreading 
capillary branches. Spikelets small, ellipsoid. Glume I lanceolate 
acuminate, nearly as long as glume III; glumes II and III sub¬ 
equal, ovate ribbed; glume IV as long, semi-oval. Hab. Local 
and rather rare in rocky woods, at 100 to 4000 ft. altitude. Selan¬ 
gor at Kwala Kubu; Semangkok Pass. Perak, Ipoh. Penang 
(Wallich); Waterfall Gardens. Distrib. Indo-Malaya, China. 
(12) P. ovalifolium Poir. Encycl. iv. 279; Beam. FI. D’Owar, 
iii. 79, t. no, fig. i; Hook. fit. F.B.I. vii. 44; Ridl. Mat. iii. 141. 
Culms creeping ascending slender, 6 to 12 in. tall. Leaves 
