174 
NOTES BEARING ON DUFOUR, VON SIEBOLD 
AND GOODSIR, WHOSE PORTRAITS APPEAR IN 
PARASITOLOGY, XIV, No. 2. 
Portrait-plates XV—XVII. 
(Continuing the series begun in Vol. xm.) 
By GEORGE H. F. NUTTALL, F.R.S. 
(From the Molteno Institute for Research in Parasitology.) 
Jean-Marie-Leon Dufour. 
1780-1865. 
(Portrait-plate XV.) 
Leon Dufour was born 11 April, 1780, at Saint Sever (Landes) and died 
there 18 April, 1865. He was a medical man and a naturalist. He took his 
M.D. at Montpellier in 1806. From 1806 to 1814 he served in the army, then 
turned his attention to entomology and botany, but in 1823 he took part in 
the Spanish Campaign as an army doctor. He distinguished himself especially 
through his work on the anatomy and physiology of arthropods and upon 
the habits and metamorphosis of insects, but he also wrote on botany, agri¬ 
culture and meteorology. He was elected to the Academie des Sciences and was 
the first Frenchman upon whom that body conferred the Cuvier Prize (1861). 
During 1811-1864 he published 232 papers on entomology, the relation of 
insects to plant diseases, parasites of Insects, parasitism, Protozoa and 
Helminths. 
His parasitological papers relate to Ascaris lumbricoides , Hippobosca equina 
(1825) and H. camelina n.sp. (1858), Ornithomyia biloba n.sp. (1827-1845), 
parasitic insect larvae (1828), Gregarina ovata n.g., n.sp. (described as a 
‘‘worm” in the insect’s gut, 1828), Nycteribia (1831), Pteroptes vespertilionis 
n.sp. (1832, a mite), Nematodes and Gregarines parasitic in Orthoptera and 
Hymenoptera (1836-7), Cecidomyia spp. parasitic on briars, various gall- 
producing insects (1837-64), Ceratopogon (1845), parasitism (1851), flea 
cocoons (1861). 
For Biography see La Grande Encyclopedic (Paris), xv. 14; Vapereau’s 
Dictionnaire des Contemporains (Paris, 1865), p. 562, from which sources 
I have drawn; Albertus (1888), Un medecin naturaliste en province, Leon 
Dufour (Paris), Gaz. Med. de Paris (1*888), 7 s. v. 157 et seq.; Caffe’s Necrologie 
in Journ. d. conn. med. prat. (Paris, 1865), xxxii. 205, also “Un Savant,” etc. 
written by his sons (1884-6), Gaz. d. Hop. Paris, lvii-lix (very lengthy, 
