Cmthium .] lxxiv. rubiacete. 
123 
Flowers solitary or 2, 1 in. long .... 
Flowers cymose less than -5 in. long. 
Spiny shrubs. 
Leaves 1-5 in. long, slender pubescent shrub 
Leaves 2 to 3 in. long velvety, climber; fruit 
small . . . 
Leaves 2 to 3 in. long, glabrous with needle¬ 
like spines ..... 
Leaves 2 to 3 in. long, pubescent, coriaceous; 
fruit large ..... 
Unarmed. 
Densely velvety; fruit velvety pear-shaped . 
Glabrous; fruit 2 in. long .... 
Fruit 1 -5 to 2 in. long. 
Cymes few-flowered . 
Cymes dense many-flowered 
Flowers umbellate dense short-peduncled 
( 1 ) C. pauciflorum 
(2) C. horridum 
(3) C. molle 
(4) C. aciculatuni 
(5) C. depressinerve 
(6) C. velutinum 
(7) C. glabrum 
(8) C. confertum 
(9) C. didymum 
(10) C. congestiflorum 
(1) C. pauciflorum King and Gamble, l.c. 58. 
Shrub 15 to 20 ft. tall, spines few curved. Leaves membranous 
elliptic-ovate, shortly blunt acuminate, base cuneate, glabrous; 
nerves 4 or 5 pairs; 4-5 in. long, 1*5 to 2*25 in. wide; petioles *15 
to -25 in. long. Stipules broad, triangular. Flowers 1 or 2 to¬ 
gether on a short axillary branch. Calyx *2 in, long, cupular 
campanulate, teeth 5, acute. Corolla wide cylindric, -5 in. long, 
glabrous except for a ring of hairs at base inside. Anthers exsert. 
Fruit nearly 1 in. long, pulpy, crowned by the calyx-tube. Hab. 
Perak (Scortechini). 
(2) C. horridum Bl. Bijdr. 966; Hook. fil. F.B.I. iii. 135. 
C. parvifolium King, l.c. 59, not of Roxburgh. 
Erect pubescent spiny shrub, spines curved, 2 in. long. Leaves 
sub-coriaceous ovate or elliptic, base cuneate, pubescent on midrib 
and 3 pairs of nerves beneath, 75 to 1-25 in. long, -5 to 75 in. wide; 
petioles -05 to *15 in. long. Flowers -2 in. long, clustered. Calyx 
cupular truncate. Corolla *1 in. long, pale green, tube globular 
when open, a dense ring of white hairs in mouth, lobes lanceolate. 
Fruit -5 in. through, pulpy, acid, yellow. Hab. Common in open 
country and forest edges. Singapore, Garden Jungle; Tanjong 
Katong. Malacca, Alor Gajah. Pahang, Pulau Tawar, etc. 
Selangor, Kwala Lumpur; Semangkok. Negri Sembilan, Seremban 
(Cantley). Perak, Blanda Mabok (Wray); Kwala Kangsa. Penang. 
Kelantan, Kwala Aring (Yapp). Lankawi (Curtis); Setul. Dis- 
trib. Chittagong, Java, Borneo. Native names: Bulang Gajah; 
Bulang Tikus; Bulang hitam; Bulang kechil. 
(3) C. molle King and Gamble, l.c. 60. 
A long, stout velvety climber with long decurved spines, 75 in. 
long. Leaves thickly membranous, ovate to lanceolate-acuminate, 
base narrowed, blunt, brown hairy all over, thickest on midrib 
and nerves 5 pairs, 2 to 3 in. long, 75 to 1-5 in. wide; petioles 
•2 in. long. Flowers *2 in. long; pedicels as long, in small axillary 
cymes. Peduncles thick, about -i in. long. Calyx small cupular 
