184 
Card. Bull. Singapore 69(2) 2017 
Notes. This species is the most robust of all Bruneian Epirixanthes, although E. 
elongata is usually taller. It has a rather thick inflorescence with long bracts which 
sometimes persist on the axis of the inflorescence after the fruits are shed. 
4 .Epirixanthespapuana J.J.Sm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 486 (June 1912). 
(Fig. 2D) 
Global distribution. It is distributed throughout Malesia from Sumatra to the Solomon 
Islands (Van der Meijden, 1988). 
Distribution in Brunei Darussalam. It is known only from a few locations immediately 
surrounding the Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre in Temburong district and one 
locality in the Bukit Sawat area in Belait district. However, its actual distribution in the 
country could be much more extensive. Like most of the other species of Epirixanthes , 
this species is likely to be overlooked by collectors and therefore poorly represented in 
herbaria. Its known elevational range in Brunei Darussalam is rather narrow, reaching 
from c. 20 m a.s.l. up to 180 m a.s.l. However, the species might potentially also 
occur at higher elevations because the type collection from New Guinea comes from 
altitudes from 500 m a.s.l. up to 1800 m a.s.l. 
Specimens examined. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: Belait: Labi, Bukit Sawat, Sungai Malayan, 
10 Jun 2003, Ariffin et al. BRUN20353 (BRUN). Temburong: Batu Apoi Forest Reserve, ridge 
W of Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, mixed dipterocarp forest, 18 Mar 1991, Poulsen 
3 (AAU, BRUN, K); Kuala Belalong, in Sungai Mata Ikan gorge near its confluence with 
Sungai Belalong, 26 Jan 2015, Hrones & Kobrlova 662015 (OL); ibidem, 21 Jan 2017, Dancdk 
2017/55 (BRUN); Kuala Belalong, Sungai Mata Ikan valley ca. 0.5 km WNW from Kuala 
Belalong Field Studies Centre, 28 Jan 2016, Dancdk, M. 2016/291 (OL); Kuala Belalong, 
Sungai Bald valley near its confluence with Sungai Temburong, 18 Jan 2014, Dancdk 2014/342 
(OL); Kuala Belalong, Sungai Esu, clayey bank near its confluence with Sungai Belalong, 21 
Jan 2017, Dancdk 2017/47 (BRUN). 
Notes. This species is distinguished by its paler colour (creamy brownish) and the 
rather short and narrow inflorescence with patent bracts that are tumed-up at their 
apices. 
Notes on other species of Epirixanthes 
Epirixanthes pallida T.Wendt, FI. Males., Ser. 1, Spermat. 10(3): 492 (1988). (Fig. 
2E) 
Global distribution. The species is found in Borneo and Sulawesi (Van der Meijden, 
1988). 
