14 
closely allied, I may from this fact and from the characters of some 
of the species, give sufficient for the reader to locate some of the 
species with reasonable certainty. 
In Livia the head is square, flat above, deeply cleft in front, ex¬ 
tending anteriorly in two conical tubercles; no ocelli, or little eyes; 
antenme not much longer than the head and thorax; ten-jointed, the 
first joint short and thick, the second joint much dilated or enlarged, 
and three or four times as long as the first; the seven following of 
equal size, small, the last tipped at the end with two minute bristles, 
usually of unequal length; wings as heretofore described, except that 
the front pair are sometimes slightly leathery and but semi-transpar¬ 
ent. 
Serville and Amyot say that Diraphia differs. from this only in 
having the head much larger, and the second joint of the antennae 
not being comparatively as long as in that genus. They also appear 
to doubt the propriety of the formation of the genus. In fact, Dr. 
Fitch, when he first described the following species, placed them in 
IAma\ therefore for all practical purposes, the two may be considered 
as synonyms: 
1. Diraphia vernalis , Fitch. The Vernal Diraphia or Jumping Plant- 
louse. 
Found upon the leaves of the pine during the greater part of the 
year, puncturing them and sucking their juices. They are of an 
orange-yellow or bright rust-red color, about (.15) one-seventh ot an 
inch°in length, with a square-flattened head, concave on its upper 
side, with a slight, impressed line along the middle of the front, me 
antenna? short and thread like, about as long as the nead, theii basal 
joints largest, and forming one-fourth of their entire length; the 
forewings thick and leathery, feebly transparent, null, pale, biownish 
yellow; the breast coal-black and legs pale. 
2. Diraphia femoralis , Fitch. The Black-legged Diraphia. 
This is probably only a variety of the preceding species, from 
which it dilfers only in having all of the thighs of tne same deep, 
black color as the breast. Found on pine leaves in July. 
3. Diraphia calamorum , Fitch. The Calamus Diraphia. 
Found on the sweet-flag (Acorus calamus), about one-tenth ox an 
inch long to the tip of the abdomen, and one-seventh to the tips, of 
the closed wings. It is paler than the preceding, being, according 
to Dr. Fitch, of a dull gray or clay color, with the anterior^ lobes ot 
the head of a reddish tint, and has no impressed line along the mid¬ 
dle of the head. It is black beneath, with the abdomen and legs 
dull whitish. In other respects agrees with D. vernalis. 
4. Diraphia maculipennis , Fitch. The Spotted-winged Diraphia. 
This is a smaller species than the preceding, being only about one- 
tenth of an inch long to the tips of the wings. It is of a tawny-red 
color the thorax being shaded more or less with dusky; the antenme 
have a broad black band near the tips. The fore-wings somewhat 
