92 
As a general thing, it is not considered necessary to adopt any 
measures for its destruction, but occasionally it multiplies to such an 
extent as to inflict serious injury upon the. cabbages and even to 
destroy them. But X am inclined to believe it often does more dam¬ 
age than it has credit for, as it not only congregates on the under 
side of the outer leaves, but also on the upper side of the inner leaves, 
and by drawing the juices from the latter prevents the formation of 
firm heads. It is well, therefore, to take measures for ridding the 
plants of them whenever they attack the inner leaves in numbers suf¬ 
ficient to affect their healthy and proper growth. The injury may 
not be observed at the time, but afterwards the gardener may find that 
notwithstanding their apparent healthy condition, they have failed to 
form firm, compact heads, upon which their value depends. These 
insects may be found from July to the close of the growing season. In 
a short time after their appearance, they can be observed in all their 
stages, from the larvse to the perfect state, with here and there among 
them a wfinged individual. 
The wingless individuals , which are usually located in clusters, are 
a little less than one-tenth of an inch long, ovate in form, and of a 
pale pea-green or greenish-yellow color; more or less covered with a 
fine pale bluish white powder ; the antenme are not quite as long as 
the body, of sometimes a pale dusky color, but in many specimens 
they are more or less whitish ; legs usually of a dirty yellow or some¬ 
what dusky; the abdomen is sometimes marked with dark dots along 
the sides ; ‘honey-tubes short, not extending half way to the tip of the 
abdomen, black ; tail very short, usually pale. 
Winged individuals about eight hundredths of an inch to the tip of 
the abdomen, fourteen hundredths to the tip of the wings. General 
color yellow or greenish-yellow ; head, black ; neck with whitish pow¬ 
dered ring; a narrow transverse dusky ridge on the proxthorax ; the 
raised lobes of the thorax dark ; abdomen pale yellow, sometimes with 
greenish tint, with a row of black dots along the margin each side, 
and sometimes with some dark crosslines; honey-tubes very short, 
black ; eyes black ; antennae dusky, about as long as the body, third 
joint corrugated about equal in length to the fourth and fifth united, 
fourth and fifth about equal in length, sixth, slightly over half the 
length of the fifth, seventh nearly as long as the third; from the 
fourth to the tip the antennae are much more slender than the third 
and basal joints ; wings transparent slightly smoky with slender, dark 
veins, the second vein about equally distant from the first and the 
third, 5 if any difference slightly nearer the third, first aud second veins 
nearly straight, second fork about equally distant from the apex and 
the third vein, fourth vein regularly but very obtusely curved, stigma 
rather small, elongate, very pointed at the apex without any distinct 
angle, dusky ; the discoidal veins are robust, dark-brown, very distinct; 
the costal and subcostal are usually paler. 
Remedies. —Drenching with soap-suds only destroys the young, leav¬ 
ing the old ones to plant new colonies. Watering them w 7 ith a mixt¬ 
ure of tobacco water and lime water is strongly recommended, and is 
perhaps the best wash that can be applied. Suffocating them with tobacco 
smoke is decidedly the best remedy, that can be adopted. Di. Fitch lecom 
mends driving short stakes into the ground and covering as many plants as 
possible with canvas, or old carpeting, so as to confine the smoke. 
_ ; __ M . .. 
