143 
« 
an inch or more in length, vary in height from one to three-quarters 
of an inch; they are compressed and grooved on the sides, and per¬ 
pendicular, showing tooth-like, conical projections at the top: opening 
by a long slit on the under side. The inside is wrinkled perpendicu¬ 
larly into deep plaits or folds, and occupied by one female and her 
progeny, some of which may often be seen strolling out on the under 
side of the leaf. 
My examinations of these insects show the characters of the spe¬ 
cies to be as follows: 
« 
Winged individual. —Length of body about .05 inch, to the tip of 
the closed wings .08 inch, thorax black; the abdomen dull black or 
greenish black above; paler, obscure green beneath; slightly pruinose. 
Antennae very short, scarcely reaching beyond the insertion of the fore¬ 
wings; first and second joint very short; third much the longest, about 
equal in length to the three following taken together, fifth and sixth 
about equal, all except the basal joints transversely corrugated. Wings 
transparent, resting somewhat flatly on the abdomen while in the gall, 
but after the specimens have been removed for a while, will assume 
the usual erect position, the costal and sub-costal veins dark; the latter 
robust and undulating; stigma prominent; the first and second dis- 
Fig 21—Apliis of the Elm-leaf Cocks-comb Gall —Gluphina ulmicola: 
a. Leaf showing galls from above and beneath; nnt. size, b, Impregnated egg, sur¬ 
rounded bv skin of true female, c, Newly born young of second generation, ventral 
view. 7i, Its antenna, d, Pupa of same, dorsal view, c, Winged lemale. /, Her an- 
tejj.ua. p, Antenua of stem-mother—all eularged. 
