158 
PHYLLOXERA vitifoliae, Fitch. The Grape Phylloxera. 
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Syn. Pemphigus vitifolice. Fitch. 
Byrsocrypta vitifolice. Walsh. 
Phylloxera vastatrix. Planch. 
Rhizapfiis vastatrix. Planch. 
I'critymbia vitisana West. 
Bactylospherd vitifolice. Shimer. 
This is the too well known species which has done so much damage 
of recent years to the vineyards, both of this country and Europe. I 
have retained the specific name vitifolice given by Dr. Fitch as it has 
undisputed precedence in date, and there can be no valid reason urged 
why it should be discarded for a more recent one. That it ought to 
have been written vitifulii or vitis-folii, may be true, but names with 
the termination folice have been too long received for this to be a 
valid objection in this case. If the law of priority is to apply I cannot 
see why this case should be an exception, I have therefore restored 
the proper name which the future, in justice to our noted American 
Entomologist Dr. Fitch, will adopt in spite of present usage of vastatrix. 
This species has been so thoroughly written up in this country by 
Prof. Riley and Dr. Shinier that it is unnecessary for me to add any 
thing farther here than a brief description of the species and its gall, 
and the conclusion reached as to the best remedy. 
This species produces numerous rough galls on the underside of 
grape leaves, opening on the upper side of the leaf. The gall is 
usually in the form of a roughened wart, without pedicel, green, but 
sometimes tinged with red or roseate; the minute opening on the upper 
side of the leaf is marked by a branch of minute hairs. The inside 
is clean, or free from any powdery substance. They vary in size, the 
largest being about the size of a pea: they are often so numerous as 
to cover the under surface of the leaf. 
The winged female is of a light yellow; the thorax sometimes 
marked with a dark band; wings hyaline; the two discoidal veins 
uniting so that the second appears as a branch of the first; the third 
(or stigmatic vein) sometimes distinct and sometimes sub-obsolete, in 
some of the forms of this polymorphic species it unites at base with 
the other two. 
Apterous individual, light yellow, convex. 
Length of the winged to the tip of wings about .07 inch; the wings 
about twice the length of the body. 
For a more complete account of this species, its history, habits etc., 
the reader is referred to works of Professor Riley, Dr. Shimer and 
Mr. Walsh. As I have nothing new to add, it is unnecessary that I 
should introduce here what is so generally known. 
The following resume of the results of the experiments tried under 
the supervision of the Academy of Sciences, of France, upon this 
species is copied from Nature , No. 375, January 4, 187 7. 
“Some time ago we published in our columns a short account of the 
result of the investigations of various scientific men in France into 
the nature of the Phylloxera—that terrible scourge which is commit¬ 
ting such wide-spread ravages among the French vineyards. 
