160 
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4 *t* 
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fan* 
i« 
carbonate, place in the ground, may prove, by its slow decomposition, 
a powerful insecticide. 
In the case of the sulpho-carbonate of potassium, over and above 
its toxic effect, it has a direct invigorating influence upon the vine, 
as the corbonate of potassium is an excellent manure. 
“The. employment of the sulpho-corbonates as a means for the de¬ 
struction of the Phylloxera was suggested to M. Dumas by the clear¬ 
ly recognized need that there was for some substance that would 
evaporate less quickly than the bisulphide of carbon; he saw that it 
was necessary to apply the insecticides in some combination which 
would fix them and only allow them to evaporate gradually, so that 
their action might continue long enough in any one place to infect 
with their vapors all the surrounding soil. 
“But the task of eradicating the Phylloxera has by no means been 
accomplished by the mere discovery of the value for the purpose of 
these substances; there is the further difficulty of applying them to 
the vine in cultivation. One-thing seems very certain, that in order 
to render the sulpho carbonates available they should be reduced to a 
powder and spread over the ground before the heavy rains, that is 
between October and March, which will probably prove very effica¬ 
cious. 
“The conclusion as M. Mouillfert arrives at the end of the report, 
is that the efficiency of the sulpho-carbonates is proved, and all that is 
necessary is to bring to perfection their employment in agriculture, 
which can only be accomplished by the intelligence and practical 
knowledge of the vine-grower, who is well able to discover the econo¬ 
mic processes of culture which are conducive to their successful ap 
plication. 
“He ends by saying that science has accomplished its mission, and 
it remains for Agriculture to fulfill its part in the eradiction of the 
Phylloxera from the vineyards of France.” 
Notwithstanding the confidence here expressed by the distinguished 
scientists who conducted these experiments, subsequent facts indicate that 
the problem is really no nearer solution practically now than before 
these experiments were tried, excei:>t that the list of negatives is in¬ 
creased. 
The disease appears to be spreading in Europe and no more under 
control now than before. 
The true solution, so far as France is concerned I think will never 
be found in topical applications, but in an entire revolution in the 
horticulture of the vine growing districts. In other words an entire 
destruction of the veins and the adoption of some other culture for a 
number of years. 
Phylloxera caryjscaulis. Fitch. 
Syn. Pemphigus cargcecaulis. Hickory Gall Aphis. 
Wingless females , of which one is found in each gall, she being the 
parent of the multitude of larvae around her, measures 0.04 in length, 
