161 
or somewhat more. She is of a plump egg shaped form, narrower 
posteriorly and flattened on the under side. The segments of the ab¬ 
domen are much longer than those of the thorax, and are separated 
by impressed lines. The legs are short, scarcely projecting beyond the 
outer margin, and with the antennae are blackish, the general color of 
the body being yellow, often of a dull or dirty tinge. 
The larvae which occur in walnut galls are of different sizes, the 
largest being 0.025 long, of an oval form and a light yebow or yel¬ 
lowish green color, with dusky legs and antennae. Younger individuals 
are white, shining and somewhat hyaline, with pellucid white legs. 
The antennae are short and robust, consisting of two short, thick basal 
joints and a longer terminal one of a conical form, and giving off a 
short bristle on one side near the tip. The legs are also short and 
thick. 
The galls are globular in form and of different sizes, from that of a 
pea to an ounce ball, and are attached to the side of the stem the 
w^ole length of their base, often causing a bend or distortion of the 
stem, especially when two or three are contiguous and confluent, as 
they frequently are. The jvalls of the gall are about the tenth of an 
inch in thickness, and of a succulent, fleshy texture, white upon the 
inside and green on the outside at first, but soon becoming discolored 
with black, which spreads until the whole is of this color. The hollow 
inside has its surface covered with minute smooth shining lice of dif¬ 
ferent ages and sizes, so that it resembles the geode of a mineral, the 
surface of which is lined with a multitude of minute crystals, whose 
sparkling points are everywhere glittering in the light. Numerous 
dusky specks are also observed among the lice. These are. the cast 
skins of the lice, all of which moult as they increase in size, their 
original skins becoming too small to contain them, and being of too 
firm a texture to expand with the growth of the insect. (Fitch). 
Phylloxera caryjepolice. Fitch. Hickory-leaf Witherer. 
Forming small conical elevations on the upper surface of the leaf, 
each having an orifice in its summit; a very small black plant louse 
with a pale abdomen and legs and smoky wings laid flat upon its 
back, and having only three veins in addition to the rib. Length 
0 . 06 . 
The winged lice may be found wandering about upon the surface of 
the leaf, having escaped through a small orifice at the apex of the 
gall; the young are found crowded together inside the gall covering 
the walls of the cavity, they are of a pale yellow color with only a 
dusky band between the bases of their wings. As soon as they leave 
the gall they change to a black color, the abdomen only remaining 
pale yellow often tinged with green. Their legs are short and pale 
with black knees and feet. The antenna?, are short thick and thread¬ 
like, scarcely longer than the head, and with but three or four joints 
difficult to discern. 
The wings are placed horizontally upon the back and not elevated 
11— 
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