THE ANOPHELINE WATERS OF SOUTHERN 
FLANDERS. 
BEING A REPORT ON THE AREA OCCUPIED BY THE 
BRITISH SECOND ARMY IN FRANCE. 
By A. D. PEACOCK, M.Sc., Captain R.A.M.C. (T.F.). 
(With 1 Map and 1 Text-figure.) 
Under instructions from Colonel W. W. 0. Beveridge, C.B., A.D.M.S. (Sani¬ 
tation), G.H.Q. France, a survey of the British Second Army Area in Southern 
Flanders was made in order to ascertain the condition of that region in regard 
to Anopheline mosquitoes. Permission to publish an account of the work 
has kindly been accorded by Lieutenant-General Godwin, Director-General 
of Medical Services. 
A certain amount of similar work had already been performed by the 
writer in 1915 under instructions from Lt.-Col. J. Rutherford, A.D.M.S., 
50th Division and also, in 1916, under instructions from Lt.-Col. H. Barrow, 
D.A.D.M.S. (Sanitation), Second Army, near the southern borders of the 
Second Army Area, and the results went to suggest that Anophelines would 
be found widely distributed and that, in certain areas at least, about one- 
fifth of the number of waters examined would harbour Anopheline larvae. 
The first possibility was supported by the investigations in England of 
Nuttall, Cobbett and Strangeways-Pigg 1 and the later surveys of Grove, 
Parsons and Macdonald 2 , in which it was ascertained that Anophelines could 
be found in all parts of England and Wales. The second possibility remained 
to be proved by further enquiry. 
Regarding the species of Anophelines likely to be found, the late Prof. 
R. Blanchard, of the ficole de Medecine, in July 1918, informed the writer 
that he had records showing that Anophelines were generally distributed in 
the areas occupied by the French Armies, that is, in the country south-west 
of that in English occupation, the most common species being, as in England, 
A. maculipennis , while A. bifurcatus was less common and A. plumbeus 
(nigripes) had been but seldom found. Careful search for the last-mentioned 
however still remained to be performed. 
1 Studies in relation to Malaria, Journal of Hygiene, vol. i, 1901. 
2 Reports and Papers on Malaria contracted in England in 1917. Reports to the Local Govern 
ment Board on Public Health and Medical Subjects (New Series, No. 119). 
