126 
to live. The first males were observed August 13th and continued 
appearing ove. 4 two weeks. They are very active, flying about the 
leaves with great rapidity. At this time coition takes place, and the 
ovaries become developed in the impregnated females, who remain on 
the leaves drawing sap continually during the entire summer. 
The Male Louse .—Comparatively few of the male lice have, as yet, 
been discovered, and it was with pleasure I recognized the male Le- 
canium acericola for the first time during the past summer. Their ex¬ 
istence is for a short tinn, since not longer than three weeks in the 
year are they found—the probable life of each individual not over a 
few days. While the female is destined to remain upon the tree dur¬ 
ing her entire existence, the males acquire wings and fly about. 
That the males are necessary for the perpetuation of the species is 
doubted by some authors. I made a careful estimate of the number 
of larval scales on several leaves of the trees recently infested and on 
those which had suffered a longer time, and found the average num¬ 
ber was greater upon a much diseased tree than upon a healthy and 
vigorous one which had not felt the effects of the insects. It often 
happens that a maple tree will suddenly revive and outgrow the in¬ 
jury done them by the bark-lice, to .an extent, even when no attempt 
has been made to exterminate them. Whether this is due to the 
greater number of the young lice proving to be males or the effects of 
parasites, I know not. That there were abortive females was easily 
seen last spring, since full grown and healthy females were found on 
the limbs alive after the oviposition was nearly completed by others 
and not commenced by these. 
Fig. 28. 
Male—Leu. acericola. 
At figure 28, a, we have the 
male louse very greatly enlarged. 
Color fuliginous, with tho¬ 
racic segments darker than the 
remainder of the body. Head 
small, angular in front and at the 
sides. Attennae 10-jointed, fili¬ 
form, pubescent—4th, 5th and 
6th longest. Color light brown, 
proboscis absent, left off when 
shedding larval skin; near the 
place it would appear are what 
might be considered two eyes 
above and two below, and are 
perhaps of use in conveying sight. 
Thorax large, the mesothoracic band distinct, shining; the meta¬ 
thorax forming an arched shield extending a short distance over 
the abdomen. 
Legs stout, sparsely covered with hairs, tarsi furnished with two 
claws at the end. 
Abdomen ends in a tubercle which protects the pennis, the entire 
about half as long as the abdomen. Two filamentous squamae or setae 
projects from either side of the pennis, and are longer than the whole 
body of the insect. 
Elytra present, membraneous, hyaline, dotted with short points 
extending outward, and sending out at the base a forked line, one 
