137 
genus, fastened by the tip end and suspended by a thread passed over 
the back. The butterfly issues from the chrysalis in about three 
weeks. The front wings are black with a greenish tinge along the 
veins and "a more or less distinct row of white spots near the outer 
margin. Sinuses of the slight dentations that mark the outer mar¬ 
gin are also edged with creamy white. The hind wings are a beauti¬ 
ful steel blue with a greenish cast, more prominent in the males, with 
a curved row of white lunate spots near the hind border, the sinuses 
the same as the front wings. The tail in this species is only about a 
quarter of an inch long. On the under side of the hind wings there 
is a broad steel blue border in which is a curved row of large orange 
spots, a segment in the front edge of each one of which is white. 
Expanse of wings from three to three and a half inches. 
A little watchfulness on the part of those who cultivate the plants 
that form the food of these insects will be all that is necessary. As 
they feed together when young, they may be easily destroyed at that 
time by handpicking. 
Papilio Asterias, Fab.—The Asterias Butterfly. 
Every season, greenish yellow worms, with black transverse bands 
containing yellow dots, are found on the leaves and flowers of parsley, 
carrots, parsnips and various other umbellate plants. When irrita¬ 
ted, this caterpillar pushes out from a slit just behind the head a 
v-shaped scent organ, from which a disagreeable odor is given off. 
This caterpillar is the larva of the Asterias Butterfly and is known 
familiarly as the Carrot-worm, Parsnip-worm, etc., according as it is 
found on one or the other of these plants; and the odor which is given 
off is the means of defense against its enemies with which nature 
has provided it. 
The butterfly appears in June and lays its eggs on the leaves of the 
plant upon which it feeds. From this brood a new set of butterflies 
appear in August, the second brood passing the winter in the chry¬ 
salis state to come out as butterflies m May or June of the following 
year. 
The chrysalis is free, or not enclosed in silk, attached by the tip of 
the abdomen and supported by a loose silken thread passed over the 
back. It has twoea~-like projections on each side ef the head, and a 
prominence on the back of the thorax or chest. The first brood re¬ 
main in the chrysalis state from nine to fifteen days. 
The butterfly is about the size of the Philenor, both fore and hind 
wings black, and two rows of yellow spots extending across the wings 
parallel with the outer margin, so as to form, when the wings 
are spread, continuous rows across both wings. The row next the 
margin is composed of small spots, lunate in the hind wings, the 
others about three times as large and somewhat triangular. Besides 
these there is an extra spot on the fore wings near the costa, and a 
yellow lunule at the end of each discal cell. Sinuses in the edges of 
both wings, yellow. Between the yellow rows in the hind wings is a 
