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row of blue spots, and at the anal angle a black spot circled with deep 
orange. Under side of the wings, similar to the upper only darker. 
Remedies .—It is not usual that these butterflies become so numer¬ 
ous that their caterpillars are very injurious, but they may be so, 
locally, when hand picking or gathering the worms by hand will 
prove the best means of destroying them. 
Papilio Troilus, Linn—The Troilus Butterfly. 
This butterfly very closely resembles the Asterias, but there is this 
difference, by which it may be easily distinguished. The blue spots 
of the hind wings are much larger than in the Asterias, covering 
nearly one-third the surface of the wing, and this blue has often a 
slight tinge of green. The yellow spots near the edge of the wings 
are larger, but on the hind wings are tinged with blue. The minor, 
or second row of yellow spots, as well as the yellow lunules at the end 
of the discal cells are wanting on the upper surface, but are present 
on the under. The eye-like spot at the anal angle of the hind wing 
does not surround a black spot, as in the Asterias, while there is a 
large orange-colored spot near the middle of the front margin of the 
same wing. 
The caterpillar differs considerably from that of the Asterias, as 
also does the plant upon which it feeds. Harris’ description of it is 
as follows: “It lives on the leaves of the sassafras tree, upon the upper 
surface of which it spins a little web, and folds over the sides of the 
leaf so as to form a furrow or case in which it resides. The fore part 
of its body is large and swollen, and it tapers thence to the tail. 
When first hatched it is slate-colored above, with a black spot, like 
an eye, on each side of the third segment, below and behind which is 
a large and long white spot, and the top of the eleventh segment is 
white. After changing its skin it becomes of a pale brownish olive 
color, the white spots disappear, and on the top of the back we find 
two rows of minute blue dots. When fourteen or fifteen days old it 
changes its skin and its color again ; the back becoming pea- 
green, with blue dots, the sides yellowish, and the head, belly 
and legs pink; there is a transverse black line on the top of the first 
segment, and there are two large orange colored spots on the fourth 
segment, and two of the same color, with a black center, on the 
third segment. The caterpillar retains these colors from ten to six¬ 
teen days, increasing greatly in size during this period, and finally 
attains the length of two inches or more. It comes to its full growth 
when about four weeks old, and then eats no longer, but deserting its 
leafy habitation, it seeks a suitable place in which to undergo its 
transformations, previous to which it casts off its green coat and ap¬ 
pears in one of ochre-yellow color.” 
The chrysalis is generally of a pale wood color, smoother than the 
Asterias, and with rather larger and sharper ear-like projections. In 
Massachusetts, Dr. Harris says, there is only one brood in a season; 
the eggs laid and the butterflies appearing about the same time that 
the Asterias appears. With us, especially in the southern part of the 
