190 
eminently gregarious, and therefore easily controlled. They feed side 
by side, as closely together as they can stand, and when they are 
young a whole brood of them can be taken from the tree by removing 
a single leaf. Later in the season they come down to the trunk and 
arger limbs of the tree to moult. At this time they are bound to¬ 
gether by a web, and a whole colony can be taken off and burned at 
once. 
< 1 
Notodonta (CEdemasia) concinna, Smith.—The Trim Prominent 
The caterpillar of this species, familiarly known as the Red-humped 
Prominent, has been found on the rose, thorn, cherry, plum, pear, and 
apple, but has figured most as an injurious insect on the last. It is 
very generally distributed, and is one of those generally sent to ento- 
mologists fcr identification, both by those who are attracted by its gor¬ 
geous colors, and by those who find it denuding their apple trees. Dr. 
Harris gives the following general description of its history: 
Different broods make their appearance at various times during 
August and September. The eggs from which they proceed are laid 
in the course of July, in clusters on the under side of a leaf, gener- 
ally neai the end of a branch. When first hatched they eat only the 
substance of the under side of the leaf, leaving the skin of the upper 
side and all the veins untouched; but as they grow larger and stronger 
they devour whole leaves from the point to the stalk, and go from leaf 
to leaf down the twigs and branches. The young caterpillars are 
lighter colored than the old ones, which are yellowish brown, pale on 
the sides, and longitudinally striped with slender black lines : the 
head is red; on the top of the fourth ring there is a bunch or hump, 
also of a red color; along the back are several short black prickles; 
and the hinder extremity tapers somewhat, and is always elevated at 
an angle with the rest of the body when the insect is not crawling. 
I he full grown caterpillars measure one inch and a quarter, or rather 
more, in length. . They rest close together on the twigs when not 
eating, and sometimes entirely cover the small twigs and ends of the 
branches.” 
Spec. Char. Moth. Color, light brown; the fore wings dark brown 
along th- hind margin, and more or less tinged with gray before; a 
daik brown dot near the middle, a spot of the same color near each 
angle, a very small triangular, whitish spot near the shoulders, and 
several dark brown, longitudinal streaks on the outer hind margin. 
The hind wings of the male are brownish or dirty white, with a brown 
spot on the anal angle; those of the female are dusky brown. Body, : 
light brown. Expands from an inch to an inch and a quarter. 
Remedies. Their gregarious habits suggest the means to be employ¬ 
ed in their destruction, . When gathered together on the limb at rest, 
or when young and feeding in close company, they may be collected 
by convenient means and killed. They are quite generally dis* 
tiibuied, but not very common, though where they do occur it is 
usually in large numbers, owing to the great number of eggs laid by 
a single moth. ' J 1 
