' 
266 
until the female has exhausted her stock of thirty or more. The lar¬ 
vae which hatch in a few days, are white. When these are full grown 
they change to chrysalids in little oval cocoons about the size of a ker¬ 
nel of wheat. These are formed among the grain, or in crevices of 
walls or floors of the bin. The moth that emerges in due time is 
creamy white, with six brown spots on the costa of the fore wings, 
and with brown fringe. 
Rremedies .—It is evident that to prevent destruction of grain by this 
pest, granaries should be thoroughly cleaned before grain is put in. 
Whitewashing the w^alls and the roof, or washing them with coal oil, 
is also recommended; scattering salt over the grain is also advised. If 
the larvae are at work in the grain, it should be shoveled over fre¬ 
quently to disturb them. Probably as good a way to destroy them, if 
they are already at work, will be bv burning sulphur in the gran¬ 
ary, keeping it closed long enough for the fumes to destroy the worms 
and moths, and then airing the grain by shoveling it. It has been 
recommended to place a bright light in the granary in April or 
May, that the moths may be attracted to it and killed, and thus pre¬ 
vent the deposit of eggs, but unless the light were kept burning all 
the time, this would be only a partial protection. 
Gelechia cerealella, Linn.—The Angoumois Grain Moth. 
This insect, some time since introduced into the southern portion of 
the United States from France, is one of the most destructive insects 
known to wheat, barley, oats and Indian corn ; but its ravages seem 
to be more confined to the warmer portion of ouj* country. 
The larva is a smooth white woim, and each individual attacks a 
single kernel, consuming the inside without injuring the external 
shell, the one kernel being sufficient to feed it from the time it hatches 
till it reaches maturity. When full grown it pupates in the grain, 
and comes out as a moth in May and November. This has the head 
dull ochre, the fore wings pale shining ochre, with a grayish or brown¬ 
ish gray streak in the fold towards the base, and a few scales of the 
same towards the tip of the wing on the margin. Hind wings and 
fringes grayish ochre. 
Remedies .—The most effective remedy for this insect is to subject the 
grain to the heat of an oven or very warm dry room. In France “ in¬ 
sect mills” for this purpose have been invented. They consist of a 
hollow iron cylinder, resembling an ordinary coffee roaster, into which 
the infested grain is put, and then the instrument is placed over a fire 
and revolved, heating the grain up to a certain point. In this way 
all the insects in the grain are killed in a short time, and with little 
expense. The preceding species might be treated in the same way. 
Plutella cruciferarum, Ze 11.—The European Cabbage Web Moth. 
Under the name P. xylostella , a name that has been extensively used 
for this species of insect, in the last report of the State Horti- 
