Suomala et al. • MIGRANT STOPOVER ECOLOGY ON ISLANDS 
221 
TABLE 2. Comparison of number of birds recaptured by species between Star Island (SI) and Appledore Island (AP) 
using Fisher's exact test. Island is the location with lire significantly greater percentage of recaptures for that species; n is 
the number of birds recaptured on that island. Based on banding data from 1999 and 2000. 
Number captured 
Recaptured 111 %) 
Species 
Sampling period 
SI 
AP 
SI 
AP 
p 
Island 
Traill's Flycatcher 
Fall 00 
34 
34 
1 (2.9) 
6 (17.6) 
0,105 
Red-eyed Vireo 
Fall 99 
69 
230 
7(10.1) 
61 (26.5) 
0.005 
AP 
Fall 00 
116 
354 
10 (8.6) 
59 (16.7) 
0.035 
AP 
Red-breasted Nuthatch 
Fall 99 
32 
94 
3 (9.4 1 
19 (20.2) 
0.190 
Ruby-crowned Kinglet 
Spr 99 
47 
28 
5 (10.6) 
0 (0.0) 
0.150 
Cedar Waxwing 
Fall 99 
56 
70 
5 (8.9) 
1 (L4) 
0.088 
SI 
Northern Waterthrush 
Fall 99 
66 
133 
13 (19.7) 
23 (17.3) 
0.698 
Fall (X) 
100 
228 
12(12.0) 
35 (15.4) 
0.496 
Black-and-white Warbler 
Fall (X) 
33 
93 
1 (3.0) 
10(10.8) 
0.286 
American Redstart 
Spr 99 
67 
133 
4 (6.0) 
11 (8.3) 
0.777 
Fall 99 
34 
96 
1 (2.9) 
12 (12.5) 
0.182 
Fall 00 
85 
208 
15 (17.6) 
45 (21.6) 
0.524 
Magnolia Warbler 
Spr 99 
137 
258 
11 (8.0) 
2 (0.8) 
<0.001 
SI 
Spr (X) 
159 
254 
8 (5.0) 
3 (1.2) 
0.026 
SI 
Fall 00 
57 
61 
9 (15.8) 
3 (4.9) 
0.068 
SI 
Yellow-rumped Warbler 
Fall 99 
199 
47 
39 (19.6) 
1 (2.1) 
0.002 
SI 
Fall (X) 
145 
20 
12(8.3) 
0 (0.0) 
0.364 
Lincoln's Sparrow 
Spr 00 
21 
28 
3 (14.3) 
6 (21.4) 
0.714 
White-throated Sparrow 
Fall 99 
95 
119 
12(12.6) 
5 (4.2) 
0.039 
SI 
Purple Finch 
Fall 99 
42 
31 
8 (19.0) 
1 (3.2) 
0.069 
SI 
2000, P ^ 0.001; Fisher’s exact test). No migrants 
were recaptured between years. 
Twenty-eight species were recaptured on Star 
Island and 28 species were recaptured on 
Appledore Island during spring; 17 were recap¬ 
tured on both islands. Forty species were recap¬ 
tured during fall on Star Island and 42 species 
were recaptured on Appledore Island; 31 were 
recaptured on both islands. Five species were 
recaptured more frequently on Star Island: Cedar 
Waxwing, Magnolia Warbler, Yellow-rumped 
Warbler, White-throated Sparrow, and Purple 
Finch. Only the Red-eyed Vireo was recaptured 
more frequently on Appledore Island (Table 2). 
Minimum Stopover Time .—There was no dif¬ 
ference (spring; t = 0.158, df ^ 205, P = 0.875; 
lull: 1 = 1.460. df = 624, P = 0.145) in mean 
minimum stopover time between islands during 
spring (2.4 days on Star Island, n = 91; 2.5 days 
on Appledore Island, n = 116) or fall (2.9 days on 
Star Island, n = 215; 3.2 days on Appledore 
Island, n = 411). Five migrant species were 
recaptured in sufficient numbers to compare 
stopover time between islands, Three species 
had a longer mean minimum stopover lime on 
Appledore Island: Red-eyed Vireo in fall (but no! 
spring), American Redstart in spring (but not fall), 
and Northern Waterthrush in fall (but not spring) 
(Table 3). 
Mass Change— There were no significant 
differences between islands in number of recap¬ 
tured birds that gained or lost mass during either 
spring or fall stopover for all species combined. 
Three species (Red-eyed Vireo, American Red¬ 
start, Northern Waterthrush) were recaptured in 
sufficient numbers (fall only) to compare mass 
gain between islands. A higher percentage of each 
species gained mass on Appledore Island, but the 
difference between islands was not significant 
(spring: f = 0.139, df - I, P = 0.709; fall: f = 
0.206. df = I ,P = 0.650). 
The difference between islands in mean percent 
mass change of all recaptures was not significant 
for either spring or fall (Table 4). Only the Red¬ 
eyed Vireo had a difference in percent mass 
change in either season with a greater increase on 
Appledore Island during fall (Table 4). 
Thirty-three species were captured in adequate 
numbers to analyze mass change using multiple 
regression of all birds captured (Table 5). We 
analyzed 15 species during both spring and fall. 
1 1 during fall only, and seven during spring only. 
The majority of species gained 11 ms (72.7% 
during spring and 76 .9% during fall on Star 
