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THE WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY • Vol 124, No. 2, June 2012 
TABLE 3. Comparison of stopover times by recaptured birds between Star Island (SI) and Appledore Island (AP) using 
a /-test. Mean stopover time is the average minimum stopover time in days for recaptured individuals; n is the number of 
recaptured birds analyzed on that island; and Island is the location with the significantly greater mean stopover time for that 
species. Based on banding data from 1999 and 2000. 
Species 
Season 
Mean Stopover (days) 
SI 
±SD (a) 
AP 
p 
Island 
Red-eyed Vireo 
Spr 
3.5 ± 1.8 (6) 
2.3 ± 2.0 (6) 
0.304 
Fall 
2.0 ± 1.6 (17) 
3.3 ± 2.6 (120) 
0.039 
AP 
Northern Waterthrush 
Fall 
2.8 ± 2.3 (25) 
4.1 ± 3.1 (58) 
0.011 
AP 
American Redstart 
Spr 
1.4 ± 0.5 (7) 
2.6 ± 1.6 (14) 
0.085 
AP 
Fall 
2.4 ± 1.8 (16) 
3.1 ± 2.8 (57) 
0.367 
Magnolia Warbler 
Spr 
2.1 ± 1.4 (19) 
2.0 ± 1.4 (5) 
0.941 
Fall 
2.6 ± 2.4 (10) 
1.8 ± 1.3 (5) 
0.498 
White-throated Sparrow 
Fall 
5.6 ± 3.8 (13) 
3.7 ± 3.4 (6) 
0.296 
Island; 72.7% during spring and 84.6% during fall 
on Applcdore Island). Mass gains were significant 
for six species during spring (27.3%) and If) 
species during fall (38.5%) on Star Island, and 
five (22.7%) during spring and 13 (50.0%) during 
fall on Applcdore Island (Table 5). Significant 
mass loss occurred only during spring: Black- 
throated Green Warbler on Star Island, and Red¬ 
eyed Vireo and Cedar Wax wing on Appledor 
Island. Five species had a difference in the rate c 
mass gain between islands (Table 5). Philadelphi 
Vireo. Red-eyed Vireo. Cedar Waxwing, an. 
Purple Finch had a larger rate of mass gain durin 
fall on Appledore Island and Lincoln’s Sparrov 
during the spring (Table 5). 
Inter-island Movement.— Only 42 individua 
migrants moved from one island to the othei 
Seven (0.44%) of 1.572 migrants banded on Sta 
Island during spring and 23 (1.02%) of 2.26 
migrants banded during fall were recaptured oi 
Appledore Island. FJght (0.24%) of 3.240 mi 
grants banded on Appledore Island during sprint 
and tour (0.12%) of 3.364 migrants banded during 
fall were recaptured on Star Island. 
Six ot 15 spring crossovers were same-da) 
recaptures (3 to Star Island and 3 to Appledore 
Island) and live of 27 fall crossovers were same- 
day recaptures (all to Appledore Island). The 
majority of crossovers were recaptured within 
3 days of initial banding (32 of 42) hut. during fall 
1399. seven individuals were recaptured 4 or more 
days after banding, including a Northern Water- 
thrush recaptured 10 days after banding and a 
Purple Finch recaptured 24 days after handing. 
The most numerous (3 or more occasions) 
North OVer J PeC ', eS Were Red -*yed Vireo and 
Northern Waterthrush (Table 6). 
DISCUSSION 
We expected those species captured more 
frequently on one island to be recaptured more 
frequently and stop longer on the same island 
Differences in percent recaptures and stopover 
time were consistent with this hypothesis. The 
island with the greater percentage of recaptures 
and longer stopover was the one with more 
captures (Appendix). However, there were a 
number of species that did not have significant 
differences in recapture rale or stopover time 
despite a difference in captures between the 
islands. Our results showed no clear pattern 
between differences in fat levels and differences 
in captures, stopover length, or mass gain. This is 
consistent with other studies that found little 
relationship between these factors (Moore and 
Kerlinger 1987. Kuenzi et al. 1991, Wang et al. 
1998). 
The bet ween-island difference in species abun¬ 
dance (Suomala et al. 2010) was not reflected in 
between-island differences in mass gain, except 
for the Red-eyed Vireo during fall. The fat-class 
and mass-gain results suggest habitat use, as mea¬ 
sured by greater relative abundance on a given 
island, w'as not based on the ability to gain mass. 
Species more common on one island did not gain 
mure mass or lat on that island, as would be ex¬ 
pected if they chose that island because there was 
more food. Red-eyed Vireo and Yellow-rumped 
Warbler lost mass in the spring, even on the island 
where they were most abundant. Our mass gain 
results were similar to those of Rappole and 
Warner (1976) who found the majoritv of species 
and individuals at a stopover site did not use the 
local food resources, but a small percentage 
