Washburn et al • BREEDING OF LAUGHING GULLS IN NEW YORK STATE 
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Gulls while simultaneously decreasing potential 
Laughing Gull-aircraft collisions. 
CONSERVATION IMPLICATIONS 
The presence of well dispersed Laughing Gull 
nesting colonies in New York State is an 
important conservation concern (New York Nat¬ 
ural Heritage Program 2011). We suggest efforts 
should be conducted to establish other nesting 
colonies on Long Island. Laughing Gull nesting 
could be encouraged through active management 
activities (e.g.. gull decoys, calls, and nest 
placement) following identification of suitable 
nesting habitats in existing salt marshes. This 
possibility should be considered by the appropri¬ 
ate wildlife management agencies. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
We thank L. A. Tyson. L. A. Humbcrg. J. .1 Albanesc. I). 
R. Nicolay, and others for field assistance. We appreciate 
'he data and information provided by many individuals 
lrom several agencies and groups. Financial and logistical 
'uppon for this project was provided by the Port Authority 
New York and New Jersey, and USDA Wildlife 
Services, This research was approved by the National 
Wildlife Research Center IACUC (QA-I 131). 
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