PLEURO-PNEUMONIA IN AUSTRALIA. 
367 
In the post-mortem appearauce of cattle in this country there are 
many remarkable differences, compared with the cattle of Great Britain. 
You have there, accompanying this disease, great effusion of water into 
the chest, and you have great stench in the last stages ; you have also 
great derangement of digestive organs. 
Seeing these appearances are not common among the cattle of the 
southern portion of the colony, and seeing the various tissues of their 
body so healthy and so strong, we may safely assert that the per-centage 
of deaths will not be nearly so great here as in Great Britain. 
RECOMMENDATIONS. 
1st. All cattle imported by sea or land to be examined by a duly 
qualified person. 
2nd. Destroy all animals bad with pleuro-pneumonia epizootica. 
3rd. Stop all bullock teams from travelling beyond their own lands— 
horses to be employed instead. 
4th. Erect boiling-down establishments; boil down rather than travel 
a herd to market known to be diseased. The virus is destroyed 
by boiling. 
5th. Shift cattle as little as possible. 
6tli. Inoculate all cattle while young. 
7th. Do not breed from cattle now diseased or recovered from 
disease. 
8th. Burn all grass where diseased cattle have been pasturing. 
9th. No diseased cattle to be sold out of the pound. 
As the disease is now in many herds, and as in all likelihood inocu¬ 
lation will be practised as the great preventive, we may expect a per¬ 
centage of losses, it will become an important question what mode of 
treatment can with ease, safety, and success be adopted, so as better to 
enable the animal suffering, whether from inoculation or otherwise, to 
withstand the fatal risk it runs. I would suggest that all owners of 
cattle use the following, where practicable: 
1 bushel of corn or oats, crushed 
1 lb. salt > mixed. 
£ lb. sulphate of iron, well powdered J 
This will assist in the assimilation of the elementary parts of the blood, 
adding at the same time tone and vigour to the system. 
It will also be necessary to secure for the cattle clear, cold water. 
Such water will be relished under such a mode of treatment, and it will 
add much more oxygen to the system than hot, dirty water would. 
Many of the runs I have passed through possessed good springs; a 
very little trouble spent in digging a hole would have secured for the 
herd the best water, and always plenty of it. 
Were my professional services required for the special treatment of 
valuable or imported stock, I should, of course, follow the best mode 
now practised by the profession. It would not do for me to specify 
that here, as the proper application of it requires the advice and care 
of a veterinary surgeon. 
EXPERIMENTS. 
A series of experiments might be instituted for the purpose of ascer¬ 
taining the degree of time that elapses between the period of incubation 
and the exhibition of internal symptoms. 
Also to ascertain at what period of the disease its contagious and 
infectious nature can act. 
