400 
HORSE BREEDING IN FRANCE. 
rivalled strength and resistance: so it is with muscle; so with 
every other structure.” 
“ The organization of such an animal, the system whereby every 
part is furnished with nutriment, is of a correspondently more perfect 
description, and the nervous texture, that which vitalizes every 
part and infuses the spirit of exertion into it, is such as to endue it 
with more life and spirit of a super-excellent kind.” 
M. Duvernoy, here I give you two graphical and physiological 
quotations from Mr. Percivall’s paper in The Veterinarian, 
“ On the Conformation of the Horse.” They contain the elements 
of horse breeding, such as the Academy of Sciences can com¬ 
prehend, and will save much periphrasis in replying to your re¬ 
port and M. Richard’s paper. 
The next thing I have to address you about is the origin of caste*. 
What caste is an English thorough-bred horse 1 I will answer 
you. The same as an Arabian!!! 
“ Tazee literally signifies Arabian, and it is probable that in 
Persia and Syria it is only applied to horses believed to have some 
mixture, more or less, of the Arabian breed.” 
“ In India there are Arabian and Toorkoman horses, and the 
Moojenniss, applied to the best of the breed, means the immediate 
offspring of the Toorkoman and Tazee.” 
“ Toorkoman is doubtless intended to express a breed of horses 
totally distinct from any other of the species,” “ deriving its name 
from Toorkistan, one of the six divisions of South Tartary north¬ 
east of the Caspian Sea, famed in ancient history for having pro¬ 
duced a pure breed of horses .”—Treatise on the Horses of India, 
by J. P. Pigott, Lieut, of Cavalry. 
When you have read this, M. Duvernoy, it will occur to your 
recollection that the Toorkomans overran the Saracen empire, and 
that the Arab horse of that age became in many cases a Moorjen- 
niss, and has remained more or less so since. 
* “ Too much stress cannot be laid on caste, nor on the necessity of a dis¬ 
criminating acquaintance with horses well bred and of no caste.” “ Those 
who have acquired information on the subject, or whose fondness for horses 
has drawn their attention particularly to their qualities, know that caste is 
an indispensable property in a valuable horse. The most generous disposi¬ 
tions ever attend the highest caste of Toorkeys, and every branch of them, 
with the Tartar horse, are particularly valuable for their tempers. In oppo¬ 
sition to this, the organs of sensation in the jungle Tazee are often so exqui¬ 
sitely delicate, that the smallest abuse of them renders the latter fretful and 
impatient.”— Pigott. 
The Arabian, on account of his caste and temperament, is the favourite 
with both ladies and gentlemen in India. 
There is caste even in a Tattoo. “ Many instances have proved that a 
good selection from this class has, in a contention for speed, outstripped 
every other horse.” — Pigott , and the experience of sportsmen in India. 
