404 
HORSE BREEDING IN FRANCE. 
I was as sanguine as others, and lost my health on this subject; 
but, having gone to the north of Germany for recovery, I saw 
cavalry horses produced with little trouble and cost, and French 
officers came there to purchase the produce of English thorough¬ 
bred and blood horses. They come also to England for the same 
purpose. How is it, M. Richard, that these are not of “ too deli¬ 
cate a nature”? How is it your officers come to the very fountain¬ 
head of this? There is something inconsistent in this. They 
must see the manners and customs of the people enable them to 
supply horses in both countries. In the former country, by agri¬ 
cultural, commercial, and domestic use, without reference to the 
army. In the latter, by the generous patronage of the turf, and 
sporting, agricultural, commercial, and domestic use. Our annals 
of sporting are full of anecdotes characteristic of this. The scenes 
of the roads are full of characteristic humour of it. A prince visits 
a baron, and he is surrounded by the baron’s tenantry mounted on 
their beautiful blood hunters. The feudal tenure and service no 
longer exists, except yeomanry cavalry; but these animals of “ too 
delicate a nature ” would soon be army horses if needed. Unli¬ 
mited free trade might oblige the racers and hunters to be sold; the 
government would then have to remount cavalry how they could, 
and at whatever cost 
The horse has always been instrumental in the rise and fall of 
empires. M. Richard cannot go back to 1790. The policy of 
his government is, at present, adverse to this. The people that 
existed previously to that period are gone, those at present in these 
departments most likely differ in their manners and customs from 
those of 1790, and their horses are not of the same variety now as 
then. M. Richard, there has been a revolution, an empire, the 
cozakee horses twice in Paris, monarchy, revolution and the 
cozakee is coming again to the south—three times in half a cen¬ 
tury : it is his occupation. They breed horses purposely. The 
British government in the East has just struck the last blow at the 
Seiks, (the cozakee) or military system of horse breeding there. 
On annexation, the native Princes cease to breed horses, no longer 
having the motive to do so. The Punjab, always celebrated for its 
breed of horses, will no longer be so. The Lackhi jungle on this 
side the Sutledge, once well known as a breeding country for 
horses, has produced few in the last thirty years, since these Siek 
chiefs came under the protection of our government; but we have 
studs in the province. 
The exclusive use of oxen in agriculture and on the roads, 
besides camels in India; the extensive use of oxen and mules in 
Portugal, Spain, and parts of France, prevent also the reproduc¬ 
tion of horses, which are not, therefore, so much in domestic use, 
unless there is a powerful motive, as, for instance, the possession 
