ON THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN ANIMALS. 527 
was carefully kept from any other bull. The produce was quite a 
cross calf in shape and colour. 
David Giles, Esq., had a sow of the black and white breed, 
which sow became pregnant by a boar of the wild breed, of a deep 
chestnut colour. The pigs produced by this intercourse were duly 
mixed, the colour of the boar being in some very predominant. 
This sow was afterwards bred from by two of Mr. Weston’s boars, 
and in both instances chestnut marks were prevalent on the young 
pigs, which, in other instances, had never presented any appear¬ 
ance of the kind. 
* I had a pug bitch (says Mr. Blaine) whose constant com¬ 
panion was a small, and almost white, spaniel dog, of which she 
was very fond. It became necessary to separate her, on account 
of her heat, from this dog. She was warded by a dog of her own 
kind: impregnation followed; and at the usual period she brought 
forth five puppies, one of which was perfectly white, and rather 
more slender than the others. The spaniel was soon after given 
away; but at two subsequent litters (which was all she had 
afterwards) she again presented me with a white pug each time.’ 
Mr. Blaine mentions in a foot note—‘ It is a curious fact that each 
succeeding white puppy was less slender in form than the pre¬ 
ceding one, though all were equally white.’ The above note 
proves that the first white pup had been a good deal more slender 
than the others, when there was room for the subsequent litters 
to become less and less slender. So much had they excited 
attention, that Lord Kelly offered fifteen guineas for one of them 
only three months old. 
Dr. Hugh Smith had a favourite female setter that often 
followed his carriage. She had cohabited with a mongrel cur 
whom she met on the road: the good doctor shot the poor cur on 
the spot. The bitch was warded by a well-bred setter; but when 
she whelped the good man was mortified by the sight of a litter 
which bore evident marks of the cur, especially in colour. They 
were all destroyed. The same occurred in all her future puppings: 
invariably the breed was tainted by the mongrel cur. 
Many more instances might be cited, did time permit. Among 
cattle and horses they are of everyday occurrence. How often do 
we find that people give large, even enormous, prices for huge 
Aberdeenshire heifers and bulls, &c. (so called), but which in 
truth are crosses 1 but the precise nature of that cross no one can 
determine. We have known judges at cattle-shows a good deal 
annoyed with those equivocal cattle ; and we have felt for the 
owners when their veracity as regarded the parentage has been 
questioned, the true cause of the crossing never having occurred 
to them. Indeed, so much of this unsystematic crossing has been 
