168 
lated from French authors), followed by technical matter concern¬ 
ing the nature of the characteristic granules of the disease, and a 
discussion of the different theories as to its cause. Thinks Prof. 
Forbes is right in considering it bacterial, and quotes from him 
on this point. 
Webster, F. M.—[Means Suggested for the Outdoor Continuance „ 
of the Entomophthora from Year to Year, etc. ] (Insect 
Life, v. 3, No. 6, March, 1891, p. 285.) 
Thinks spread of Entomophthora “entirely dependent upon atmos¬ 
pheric conditions, and that the chinch-bug disease due to it might 
be continued from year to year by massing the bugs on small 
patches of some favorite food plant, as millet, where they are to 
^ stroved, a^ncf tii6n growing upon this ground 
some crop to which the bugs are partial the next year. In this 
manner the bugs the following year accumulate on the ground 
where the germs are most abuudant, and most favorable natural 
conditions would be offered for starting the disease when proper 
atmospheric conditions were present.” Does not consider actual 
contact necessary for the communication of the fungous diseases, 
nor corn fields favorable situations for their spread. 
1892. I 
Forbes, S. A. — Bacteria Normal to Digestive Organs of Hemip- 
tera. (Bull. Ill. State Lab. Nat. Hist. v. 4, p. 1.) 
Historical account of discovery of coecal appendages of Hemip- 
tera and of observation of bacteria in such appendages. Full de- 
- scription of the appendages in various families of Hemiptera, and 
mention of invariable occurrence of bacteria in them, other organs 
of insects being free from such infection. 
Forbes, S. A. — The Chinch-bug in Illinois, 189L-1892. (Bull. 
Ill. Agr. Exper. Station, No. 19, 1892, p. 48.) 
Use of contagious insect diseases still in the experimental stage, 
relations to weather conditions, particularly, being as yet doubtful. 
Promise sufficient, however, to warrant thorough and careful exper¬ 
iment. 
Forbes, S. A. — [The Work of the Year on the Contagious Diseases 
of Insects.] (Insect Life, v. 5, No. 1, Sept., 1892, p. 68.) 
Notes the advantage which several plant parasites of in¬ 
sects have over insect parasites in that they may be “bred and 
multiplied enormously without the use of the insect body as a 
medium, and scattered broadcast where and when most needed.” 
Mentions important work done during the year on Isaria densa 
or Botrytis tenellci, and also on Sporotrichtim globulifernm. The 
latter has been the subject of extensive field experimentation by Prof. 
Snow; has been demonstrated by Prof. Boland Thaxter (1891) to 
be readily cultivable on agar; and has been under almost contin¬ 
uous observation and a subject of experiment at the Illinois State 
