324 PRETERNATURAL PRESENTATIONS IN MARES. 
back, as in the former case. The abdominal muscles acted so 
violently, that the vagina gave way, and the intestines pro¬ 
truded from between the labia. We succeeded in extracting 
the foal, but it had not sufficient strength to stand, and both 
it and the mare were lost. 
Case 5 .—May 10th, 1857*—Went near midnight to a mare 
about three miles from my place. Found both fore feet of 
the foetus protruding, but no head. Got the mare on her 
feet, and supported her by two strong men. On examination, 
i found the head lying by the side of the foal, but could not 
move it from its situation. While I was attempting to adjust 
the foetus, the mare threw herself down, and strained so 
violently that the fore limbs and shoulders of the foal were 
expelled. In this position there seemed to be an entire stop 
to further progress. We could not move the foetus in the 
least. More help was obtained, and the foal was advanced 
a little. At length a noise, as of something cracking inside 
the mare, was heard, and out came the foal with the placenta 
and the uterus, the latter being attached to the foetus, around 
its abdomen and loins. In a short time the bowels followed, 
having escaped through a lesion in the womb, and the 
poor animal soon sunk. 
On inquiry, I was told that the mare had received a hurt 
in the autumn of the preceding year, from the giving way of 
a bridge when she was upon it. She was got out of the 
water with difficulty, but did not appear to be much hurt. 
A few days’ nursing and rest was all the treatment she 
received. 
I have seen a calf adhering in a similar manner, but could 
not learn anything of the previous history of the cow. 
I have often met with deformed foals, as this one also was, 
and have always found upon inquiry that the mares had 
sustained some injury or accident about the middle period of 
utero-gestation, or sometimes earlier. 
There is one other case, which, from its peculiarity, I 
wish to report, even if I trespass a little on your space. It is 
one also of a more satisfactory kind, being attended with 
success. 
A gentleman and friend of mine, living nearly ten miles 
from my residence, came at night just as I was retiring to 
rest, and said: “ Naylor, you must go back with me; my 
favorite old mare cannot foal, and she has been uneasy all the 
afternoon. I have not touched her, nor would I allow any 
one else to do so. So come along.” 
This mare had had three or four foals. 
