THE LUCANIAN BEETLES. 
43 
of glue ; it goes through its transformation within this cell, 
and comes forth in the beetle form in the month of July. 
We have another scented beetle, equal in size to the pre- 
ceding, of a deep mahogany-brown color, 
perfectly smooth, and highly polished, and 
the male has a deep pit before the middle 
of the thorax. This species of Osmoderma 
is called eremicola * (Fig. 19), a name 
that cannot be rendered literally into Eng- 
lish by any single word ; it signifies wil- 
derness-inhabitant, for which might be 
substituted hermit. I believe that this in- 
sect lives in forest-trees, but the larva is 
unknown to me. 
The family Lucanid.-e, or Lucanians, so named from the 
Linnaean genus Lucanus, must be placed next to the Scara- 
baeians in a natural arrangement. This family includes the 
insects called stag-beetles, horn-bugs, and flying-bulls, names 
that they have obtained from the great size and peculiar form 
of their upper jaws, which are sometimes curved like the 
horns of cattle, and sometimes branched like the antlers of a 
stag. In these beetles the body is hard, oblong, rounded 
behind, and slightly convex ; the head is large and broad, 
especially in the males ; the thorax is short, and as wide as 
the abdomen ; the antennae are rather long, elbowed or bent 
in the middle, and composed of ten joints, the last three or 
four of which are broad, leaf-like, and project on the inside, 
giving to this part of the antennae a resemblance to the end 
of a key ; the upper jaws are usually much longer in the 
males than in the females, but even those of the latter ex- 
tend considerably beyond the mouth ; each of the under jaws 
is provided with a long hairy pencil or brush, which can be 
seen projecting beyond the mouth between the feelers ; and 
the under lip has two shorter pencils of the same kind ; the 
* Cetonia eremicola of Knoch. 
