CHAPTER III. 
ORTIIOPTERA. 
Earwigs. — Cockroaches. — Mantes, or Soothsayers. — Walking-Leaver. 
— Walking-Sticks, or Spectres. — Mole-Cricket. — Field Crickets. — 
Climbing Cricket. — Wingless Cricket. — Grasshoppers. — Katy-did. — 
Locusts. 
HE destructive insects popularly known in this country 
_L by the name of grasshoppers, hut which in our version 
of the Bible, and in other works in the English language, are 
called locusts, have, from a period of very high antiquity, 
attracted the attention of mankind by their extensive and 
lamentable ravages. It should here be remarked, that in 
America the name of locust is very improperly given to the 
Cicada of the ancients, or the harvest-fly of English writers, 
some kinds of which will be the subject of future remark in 
this treatise. The name of locust will here be restricted to 
certain kinds of grasshoppers ; while the popularly named 
locust, which, according to common belief, appears only once 
in seventeen years, must drop this name, and take the more 
correct one of Cicada or harvest-fly. The very frequent 
misapplication of names, by persons unacquainted with nat- 
ural history, is one of the greatest obstacles to the progress of 
science, and shows how necessary it is that things should be 
called by their right names, if the observations communicated 
respecting them are to be of any service. Every intelligent 
fanner is capable of becoming a good observer, and of making 
valuable discoveries in natural history ; but if he be ignorant 
of the proper names of the objects examined, or if he give to 
them names which previously have been applied by other 
persons to entirely different objects, he will fail to make the 
