THE BEAN LEAE-HOPPER. 
229 
very injurious to them. In its perfect state it is rather less 
than three twentieths of an inch long. Its body is yellowish 
white, its wing-covers and wings are white and transparent, 
and its eyes, claws, and piercer brown. The male has two 
recurved appendages at the tip of its hind body. It may 
he called Tettigonia liosce .* Swarms of these insects may 
be found, in various stages of growth, on the leaves of the 
rose-bush, through the greater part of summer, and even 
in winter upon housed plants. Their numerous cast skins 
may be seen adhering to tjie lower side of the leaves. They 
pair and lay their eggs about the middle of June, and they 
probably live through the winter in the perfect state, con- 
cealed under fallen leaves and rubbish on the surface of the 
ground. Fumigations with tobacco, and the application of 
a solution of whale-oil soap in water with a syringe, are the 
best means for destroying these leaf-hoppers. 
I have found that the Windsor bean, a variety of the 
Vida Faba of Linnreus, is subject to the attacks of a species 
of leaf-hopper, particularly during dry seasons, and when 
cultivated in light soils. In the early part of summer the 
insects are so small and so light-colored that they easily 
escape observation, and it is not till the beginning of July, 
when the beans are usually large enough to be gathered 
for the table, that the ravages of the insects lead to their 
discovery. A large proportion of the pods will then be 
found to be rough, and covered with little dark-colored dots 
or scars, and many of them seem to he unusually spongy 
and not well filled. On opening these spongy pods, we find 
that the beans have not grown to their proper size, and if 
they are left on the plant they cease to enlarge. At the 
same time the leaves, pods, and stalks are more or less in- 
fested with little leaf-hoppers, not fully grown, and unpro- 
vided with wings. Usually between the end of July and 
* This insect may be the Cicada Rosa of Li mucus, or Iassus Rosie of Fabricius. 
It belongs to Dr. Fitch’s genus Empoa , as also does Tettigonia Faba. The Telti- 
D°im Viti$ i s an Erythvoneura of the same author. 
