496 
LEPIDOPTERA. 
in the floors, in the wainscot, around the walls and shelves 
of closets, and even in the furniture used for holding clothes, 
should be brushed over with spirits of turpentine. Powdered 
black pepper, strewed under the edges of carpets, is said 
to repel moths. Sheets of paper sprinkled with spirits of 
turpentine, camphor in coarse powder, leaves of tobacco, 
or shavings of Russia leather, should be placed among the 
clothes, when they are laid aside for the summer. 
Furs, plumes, and other small articles, not in constant 
use, are best preserved by being put, with a few tobacco- 
leaves, or bits of camphor, into bags made of thick brown 
paper, and closely sewed or pasted up at the end. Chests 
of camphor-wood, red cedar, or of Spanish cedar, are found 
to be the best for keeping all articles from moths and other 
vermin. The cloth linings of carriages can be secured for- 
ever from the attacks of moths by being washed or sponged 
on both sides with a solution of the corrosive sublimate of 
mercury in alcohol, made just strong enough not to leave 
a white stain on a black feather. Moths can be killed by 
fumigating the article containing them with tobacco-smoke 
or with sulphur, or by shutting it in a tight vessel and 
then plunging the latter into boiling water, or exposing it 
to steam, for the space of fifteen minutes, or by putting it 
into an oven heated to about one hundred and fifty degrees 
of Fahrenheit’s thermometer. 
Stored grain is exposed to much injury from the depre- 
dations of two little moths, in Europe, and is attacked in 
the same way, and apparently by the same insects, in this 
country. Not having had sufficient opportunity to examine 
these insects myself, I have been obliged to rely upon the 
accounts given by foreign writers for most of the following 
particulars respecting their history. 
The European grain-moth ( Tinea granella), in its per- 
fected state, is a winged insect, between three and four 
tenths of an inch long, from the head to the tip of its wings, 
and expands six tenths of an inch. It has a whitish tuft 
