GRAIN-MOTHS. 497 
oil its forehead; its long and narrow wings cover its back 
like a sloping roof, are a little turned up behind, and are 
edged with a wide fringe. Its fore wings are glossy, like 
satin, and are marbled with white or gray, light brown, 
and dark brown or blackish spots, and there is always one 
dark square spot near the middle of the outer edge. Its 
hind wings are blackish. Some of these winged moths 
appear in May, others in July and August, at which times 
they lay their eggs ; for there are two broods of them in 
the course of the year. The young from the first-laid eggs 
come to their growth and finish their transformations in 
six weeks or two months ; the others live through the win- 
ter, and turn to winged moths in the following spring. 
The young moth-worms (Plate VII. Fig. 6) do not bur- 
row into the grain, as has been asserted by some writers, 
who seem to have confounded them with the Angoumois 
grain-worms ; but, as soon as they are hatched, they begin 
to gnaw the grain and cover themselves with the fragments, 
which they line with a silken web. As they increase in 
size, they fasten together several grains with their webs 
(Plate VII. Fig. 7), so as to make a larger cavity, wherein 
they live. After a while, becoming uneasy in their confined 
habitations, they come out, and wander over the grain, 
spinning their threads as they go, till they have found a 
suitable place wherein to make their cocoons. Thus wheat, 
rye, barley, and oats, all of which they attack, will be found 
full of lumps of grains cemented together by these corn- 
worms, as they are sometimes called ; and when they are 
very numerous, the whole surface of the grain in the bin 
will be covered with a thick crust of webs and of adhering 
grains. 
These destructive corn-worms are really soft and naked 
caterpillars, of a cylindrical shape, tapering a little at each 
end, and are provided with sixteen legs, the first three pairs 
of which are conical and jointed, and the others fleshy and 
wart-like. When fully grown, they measure four or five 
G3 
