630 
APPENDIX. 
Thousands of army-worms may be easily destroyed in a 
meadow, by running a heavy iron roller over it. A very 
small pressure is sufficient to burst their skins, and the 
slightest injury of this kind will kill them. If the meadow 
or field is level, few worms can escape the roller, and thus 
a stop will be put to them at once. Of course this cannot 
succeed as well where the ground is rough and uneven, 
for the worms always take shelter in the hollows. The 
best time to roll is while the worms are feeding and up 
among the leaves, for then they are sure to be crushed ; 
at other times they are sheltered, and a great number will 
escape As soon as the crop is removed from an 
infested field, turn in all the hogs you can, and also chick- 
ens and turkeys ; ducks will do a great deal of good by 
searching for and eating the caterpillars. All these animals 
will eat the fallen grain, and thus save it in making flesh 
and fowl. Sheep turned into the field will kill many of 
the worms by trampling upon them ; especially will this 
be the case if the flock is large. If crows and blackbirds 
are visiting the fields, do not let them be disturbed ; there 
never was a crow or blackbird, that would not prefer a fat 
caterpillar to a grain of corn, oats, or wheat.” 
Fig. 277. Fig. 278. 
Figures 277 and 278 represent two species of ichneumon 
which destroy great numbers of the army-worm. Several 
species of two-winged flies belonging to the Tachinadce arc 
also destructive to them. (See page 612 ; also, Plate VIII. 
Fig. 1.) 
