36 
Trypanosomiasis of Camels 
the camels in the market of Tashkent and afterwards extended our investiga¬ 
tions to other towns and villages in the district, examining the animals at 
the caravanseries, or in the markets. 
Altogether 502 animals were examined, most of them during the months 
of July and August, and trypanosomes found in the blood of 22, giving a 
total percentage of infection of 4-38 %. The occurrence according to localities 
is shown in the following table. 
Table I. 
Localities 
No. of camels 
examined 
No. of cattle 
infected 
% 
infected 
Old Bokhara 
104 
1 
0-95 
Tashkent 
191 
3 
1-6 
Termezh 
90 
3 
3-33 
Koushka 
91 
15 
16-6 
Samarkand 
26 
0 
— 
From this table it will be seen that the percentage of infection varies 
widely in different localities, being most common on the Afghan frontier 
(Koushka and Termezh), and in addition trypanosomiasis has been 
discovered amongst the camels of Samarkand and Askhabad by inoculating 
blood into guinea-pigs, although trypanosomes were never actually seen in 
the camels themselves. 
Guinea-pigs were infected with the virus from the following localities, in 
each case the laboratory animal being injected with blood from a number of 
camels, until it showed infection. 
(1) Bokhara virus. During the month of August a guinea-pig was injected 
subcutaneously with 1-3 drops of blood from each of 230 camels. On the 
26th August trypanosomes were observed in its blood and a second guinea- 
pig infected from it. 
(2) Termezh virus. On the 10th August a guinea-pig was inoculated with 
blood from 70 camels; 11 days later trypanosomes appeared in the circulation 
and a second guinea-pig was infected from it, after an incubation period of 
five days. 
(3) Samarkand virus. A guinea-pig was infected by the inoculation of 
the blood from more than 50 camels. The incubation period in this case was 
17 days. 
(4) Askhabad virus. A guinea-pig was infected by the inoculation of 
blood from about 70 camels; the incubation period was uncertain. A rat 
and two guinea-pigs were infected from this animal. 
All these four strains of camel trypanosomiasis have been transported from 
Turkestan to Petrograd. 
It has been clearly demonstrated, therefore, that trypanosomiasis of 
camels is widespread in Turkestan, including the regions of Trans-Caspian 
Samarkand, Sir Daria and Bokhara; doubtless it also occurs in other regions 
of that province and it would not be surprising to find it in the southern and 
