448 
Melinda cognata Meigen 
arcuata, adult beetle Dinapate wrightii, from grasshoppers, larvae of Army 
Worm, from Eleodes opaca and finally from a Myriapod: Sparabolus sp. 
Sarcophaga nigriventris Meigen, obtained by Giard (see Bottcher, 1913, 
p. 367) from Helix cantioniformis by Bowell (1917) from Helicella itala, and by 
me from Helicella virgata da Costa and H. cantiana Montagu (seepp. 442-443 of 
this paper). 
Sarcophaga noverca Rond, bred by Schmitz (1917, p. 30) from a Helix 
found in Maastricht*. 
Sarcophaga privigna Rond. According to Mead (1897, p. 251), J. Klinckel 
d’Herculais obtained this Sarcophagid from a Helix lactea from Algeria. 
Sarcophaga setipennis Rond, bred by A. Giard (see Bottcher, 1913, p. 367) 
from Helix acuta, collected near Wimereux, Pas-de-Calais and by Schmitz 
(1917, p. 30) from an empty shell of a snail collected near Zaragoza, Spain. 
The adult fly was also recorded by this author from near Sittard, Holland. 
Sarcophaga teretirostris Pand. obtained by me from a dead specimen of 
Helicella cantiana Montagu. 
Sarcophaga sp. I found a few larvae of an unidentified Sarcophagid in 
dead Helix aspersa collected near Paris and in Helicella cantiana collected in 
Cambridge. 
* 
Helicobosca muscaria Meigen. The larvae of this fly were discovered by 
Perris (1850, pp. 119-122) in the snails Helix pisana Mull, collected in France 
near Mont-Marsan (Landres). He never found more than one larva in each 
snail. Before it pupates, the larva usually leaves the shell and burrows into 
the earth, but in some cases the pupae are formed in the snails. Perris supposed 
that the larvae feed only upon the dead Molluscs. In his paper he gives a 
description and figures of this larva. More recently, Schmitz (1910, pp. 107- 
109, 1917, p. 27) gave a complete account of the life-history of this fly. He 
found that the female deposits a big larva, about 5 mm. long, in a dead snail, 
about every 14 days; four or five weeks later this larva pupates and in this 
stage the insect hibernates, the adult emerging in the following spring. This 
low productive capacity of the fly and the long duration of the life-cycle 
explain according to Schmitz the rarity of this insect. 
The internal genital organs and their function were described by Cholod- 
kovsky (1908) and the mouth-parts of the first-stage larva by Nielsen (1917). 
ANTHOMYIDAE. 
Homalomyia canicularis L. I have bred this fly many times from different 
dead snails: Helix pomatia, aspersa, nemoralis and hortensis (see Keilin, 1911, 
p. 30). On the other hand the larvae are very common in all kinds of decom¬ 
posed organic matter; they prefer however matter containing much ammonia, 
