334 
Pediculus and Phthirus 
Sub-family I. Pediculinae Enderlein 1904, p. 136. 
Characters of Sub-family: Antennae 5-articled in all stages except 
first stage larvae where there are but three distinct articles. 
The Pediculinae contain two genera: (1) Pediculus, (2) Phthirus : 
Genus I. Pediculus Linnaeus 1758, p. 610. 
Characters of Genus: Body elongate. Abdomen moderately elongate, 
segmentation distinct. Head constricted proximally in a neck-like manner. 
Legs strong, all fairly uniform in size in all stages, but leg-pair I of stouter 
and with larger thumb than pairs II—III; leg-pair III of $ with blunt baso- 
ventral femoral spur, pairs I—II normal. Gonopods in $ consisting of two 
dorso-ventrally flattened and convergent hooks, concave internally and 
serving to encircle and grasp a hair during oviposition. Hosts: man, and 
occasionally monkeys and apes that have been in contact with man 1 . 
The genus contains but one species: Pediculus humanus Linn., having 
three races: capitis, corporis ( v . infra), and schaffi. 
Genus II. Phthirus Leach 1815, p. 77. 
Characters of Genus: Body cordiform. Abdomen very short, broad, 
segments crowded together, the three penultimate segments bearing lateral 
processes increasing in size backward. Legs similar in both sexes, pair I small 
and slender with long fine claw, pairs II—III very thick with short, stout 
claws ending in knobs. Hosts: man, twice recorded on dog. 
The genus contains one species: Pthirus pubis (Linn.) Leach (v. infra). 
Sub-family II. Pedicininae Enderlein 1904, p. 136. 
Main Character of Sub-family: antennae with three distinct articles 
in adults. Hosts: monkeys and apes. 
The sub-family contains two genera: 
1. Pedicinus Gervais 1844, hi, p. 301. 
2. Phthirpedicinus Fahrenholz 1912, p. 22. 
III. 
PEDICULUS HUMANUS Linnaeus 1758. 
Synonymy. 
1671. Pediculus ordinarius Redi 1671, PI. XVIII, brief mention in text. 
1747. Pediculus humanus Linnaeus 1747, Fauna Suecica (ed. i), p. 337, sp. 1153. 
1758. Pediculus humanus Linnaeus 1758, Systema Naturae (ed. x), p. 610: “Habitat in 
capite et vestimentis hominis.” 
1761. Pediculus humanus Linnaeus 1761. Fauna Suecica (ed. altera), p. 475, sp. 1939: 
“Habitat in homine, praesertim in capite Puerorum, & vestimentis Nautarum, 
Militum, etc. Maximos in Fodinae Fahlunensis cryptis calidioribus reperi. Qui 
in vestimentis victitat ab eo, qui in capite vivit, non differt ut species, sed tantum 
varietas.” 
1 Animals in menageries or in confinement. 
