(jr. H. F. Nuttall 
397 
The foregoing protocols demonstrate the following regarding A. hebraeum : 
Males. Of 13 dd one died on the 51st day, one was removed and figured on 
the 77th day, six were lively when removed on the 132nd day, one was lost 
on the 136th day, and four were lively when removed on the 141st day. - 
The males with few exceptions do not move or scarcely move from their 
seat of attachment upon the host. Thus d 1 shifted ca. 2 mm. on day 39 and 
remained fixed till day 132; d 2 and d 4 remained on one spot for 141 days; 
d 3 shifted a few mm. on the 57th after which he remained fixed till day 141; 
d 5 shifted 1 cm. on the 23rd, 3 mm. on the 37th, he was removed on the 77th; 
d 6 shifted slightly on the 6th, 6 mm. the 54th, afterwards remaining fixed 
to the 141st; d 7 wandered around the scrotum on the 37th, shifted slightly 
on the 49th, wandered on the 50th and was dead on the 51st; d8 shifted 
1 cm. with his female on the 11th, and 8 mm. on the 57th, and remained 
fixed afterwards until the 132nd ; d 9 shifted 1 cm. with his female on the 
11th, 7 mm. the 51st; d 10 shifted 5 mm. on the 25th, 13 mm. on the 29th, 
5 mm. on the 49th and again on the 99th, remaining fixed till the 132nd; 
dll was slightly displaced by a male on the 29th, then remained fixed till 
the 132nd; d 13 shifted 3 mm. on the 19th, 3 mm. on the 21st, 5 mm. on 
the 57th, slightly on the 99th afterwards remaining on one spot to the 132nd; 
d 14 shifted 5 cm. on the 22nd, but remained fixed afterwards to the 132nd 
day. On two occasions males shifted in company with their females. 
Males readily attach themselves in the absence of females. The males 
are sought by the females. When ready for copulation the males extend their 
legs and erect their bodies so as to seize and hold a passing female. Males 
frequently exhibit this sexual excitement when the skin of the host is touched 
or moved, no female being in the vicinity. Such males are described as 
“ excited ” in the protocols. In many instances virgin females were put to 
such expectant males who promptly seized them, the females subsequently 
anchoring themselves on the same spot with the males. 
The act of copulation was observed on five occasions, it occurs as I have 
described elsewhere for Ornithodorus and Ixodes 1 . A male may pair with 
several females, a fact recorded by L. and J. Roberts (see Nuttall, p. 414). 
My records show that d 3 paired with four females, d 2, 4, d 6 and d 10 
with three females each, etc. d 3 fertilized three females, d 6, d 10 and 
dll fertilized two females each, whilst d 2 failed to fertilize three females. 
Males remain upon the host long after the females have dropped off 
gorged. Whilst they remain for days without changing their orientation, 
they may rotate slightly (10-45°) about the seat of the puncture in which 
their mouthparts are fixed. 
The colour of the males undergoes a remarkable change as the result of 
a prolonged stay upon the host, the colour change was very distinct by the 
77th day, still more so on the 131-141st day. The colour changes observed 
will be described in a further communication. 
1 Nuttall and Merriman, 1911, Parasitology, iv. pp. 39-44, 1 fig.; Nuttall, Ibid. vi. p. HI 
