“The upper and lower surface of the mine of T. malifoliella is 
densely lined with silvery white silk. The excrement is deposited 
without the mine, through one or more openings which are situated 
at one end and on the lower surface of the mine. Within these clean 
and comfortable quarters the larva passes j^the winter. In the - ' 4 
spring the larva transforms to a pupa, at one end of the mine, 
making no cocoon, and in a short time forces its way partly out 
through the upper surface of the mine, and there gives forth the 
moth. The tearing of either surface of the mine causes the larva 
to die, as it seems bound to get out if it can, and once out it can 
neither return nor build a new mine.” 
DESCRIPTION. 
“Larva (PL VI., Fig. lb). —Length, 5 mm. (.2 in.). Head small, 
pointed, retractile, and bilobed. Form flattened and tapering to 
the rear from the second or third thoracic segment. First thoracic 
segment twice as wide as head, but not as wide as the second thor¬ 
acic segment. The last three abdominal segments are rounder and 
considerably narrower than any of the others. Between the first and 
second, and second and third thoracic segments are distinct folds. 
General color light green, with a brown, or even black, head. The 
large dark markings represented in the figure on the first thoracic 
segment are internal. No true legs, but four pairs of not very promi¬ 
nent prolegs, also anal legs. Three hairs on each side of the thoracic 
segment and two on each side of the remaining segments. Tentacu- 
liform appendages and numerous hairs on anal segment. (PI. VI., 
fig. lc.) On each side of the dorsal surface of the third, fourth, 
fifth, and sixth abdominal segments there arise from the same 
point two short stiff hairs. A prominent ridge on each side of 
the lower, and two deep depressions on each of the thoracic seg¬ 
ments.”—Brunn (l. c .). 
Pupa.— Mr. Brunn remarks that the pupa is unknown, the 
tineid having proved with him so difficult to rear, that he “hes¬ 
itated about opening many mines,” and is, “therefore, unable to 
describe the pupa.” Out of a large number of mines examined, I 
have found a single pupa, which may be described as follows: 
Length, 4.5 mm.; width, 1.2 mm. Antennal sheaths extending 
nearly to posterior end of third segment from last. General color 
light yellowish brown. A quadrangular space on dorsum of all the 
segments from the first thoracic to the third from the last ab¬ 
dominal, inclusive, has a darker brown ground color, the general 
appearance of which is rendered still darker by the short, stout, 
sharp-pointed tubercles with which the surface is studded; color 
of . dorsum of head and thorax slightly darker than ventrum. Body 
sparsely furnished with moderately long, somewhat spinose hairs. 
On each side of front of head, which forms a blunt projection, 
arises a sharp, curved, horn-like process, projecting forward and 
outward, and which when viewed from the side is seen to be bi- 
dentate. Tip of last abdominal segment flattened, and furnished 
at edges with a row of short tubercles curving slightly forward. 
