9 
Paris Green, 1885.* 
We begin the discussion with Table I., exhibiting the result of 
the spraying of two trees eight times with Paris Green in 1885 
as compared with two other trees ’selected as checks,—the former 
bearing 2,419 apples, and the latter 2,964. After spraying three 
times (June 9, 20, and 30), the apples were first picked up July 16; 
and already fifty-nine per cent, of those fallen from the check trees 
were wormy. Passing down the “ratio” column of the check tree, we 
see at first a slight rise in the ratio of injury, and then a falling 
off to fifty-eight per cent., July 31, and fifty-five per cent. August 
7—the lowest point of the season. This decline coincides with the 
interval between the first and second broods of the larvae. 
Our notes of July 3l show that at this date no full grown larvae 
whatever were found, and only a few very small ones, at the blos¬ 
som end of the apple—evidently the young of the second brood. 
The averages of injuries to fallen fruit now increased rapidly to 
September 3, when the last observation was made. At this date 
the injury to fallen apples reached eighty-four per cent. The 
total for all the fallen apples of the season was sixty-five per 
cent., and that for the picked apples was seventy-five per cent. 
Finally, adding fallen and harvested apples in one grand total, 
which includes the entire product of the trees, we conclude that 
sixty-eight per cent, had been infested by this insect. 
These data give us our standard of comparison. Looking now 
at the columns relating to the poisoned trees, we notice that these 
suffered much less from the codling moth than the others. Be¬ 
ginning at about three per cent., the injury rises to thirteen per 
cent., falls again to six per cent., and does not rise thereafter 
above eleven per cent. (August 7). The average irjury for the 
season to the fallen fruit is nine per cent., and to the picked fruit 31 
per cent.; or, to all the apples taken together, twenty-one per cent. 
Generalizing, we may say that eighty-six per cent, of the apples 
which would have fallen from codling-moth injuries have been 
preserved from falling, and that fifty -nine per cent, of the picked 
apples which would have become wormy remained uninjured; or, 
taking all the apples from these trees together and comparing 
with the entire crop of the check trees — assuming, as we evidently 
have a right to do, that as large a proportion of the fruit on the 
experimental trees would have been destroyed as on the check 
trees if the former had not been sprayed, — we shall find that of 
the apples thus exposed to damage by the codling moth, almost 
exactly seventy per cent, have been saved by our treatment. 
COMPARISON OF INJURIES, 1885 AND 1886. 
Before passing to the discussion of the experiments of the pres¬ 
ent season it will be necessary to compare the consequences of 
*Some slight discrepancies between these, discussions and those of Bulletin 1 of the office are 
due to the fact that these are drawn from the tables, and those from the diagrams there pub¬ 
lished. 
