63 
I am informed by Prof. C. H. o i m ^ j * "i\ t * 
on microlepidoptera, that this species does not occur in Maine, 
and that he does not remember having seen it in any collection 
made in the East. It is quite generally distributed throughout 
Illinois, however, and is reported from some of the adjacent states. 
LIFE HISTORY 
Most of the facts concerning the life history of the apple leaf 
skeletonizer are given in the above extracts; but the note slips ot 
the State Entomologist’s office prove one new point ot importance 
which should here be given; viz., that this species, contrary to 
the opinion heretofore prevailing, is double-brooded, at least m the 
latitude of Central Illinois, and probably farther north. 
A lot of larvse obtained at Normal July 7, 1886, were transferred 
to breeding cages at Champaign and fed upon apple leaves On 
the 12th July many had changed to pupae and on the -hth ot 
the same month the moths began to emerge. The breeding notes 
of the office for the years 1883 and 1884 show that moths ot the 
second brood were similarly bred during each of those seasons 
from larvse obtained in early summer; and on August b, 
the adult moths were collected at Normal on the leaves of apple- 
trees in the nursery. 
Briefly recapitulated, then, the life history of the species is as 
follows: The small purplish gray moths, expanding scarcely hail 
an inch, lay their eggs, probably, on the leaves or tender twigs of 
the apple late in spring or early in summer, the larvse soon hatching 
and beginning to eat the parenchyma of the leaves, and, as they glow 
older, spinning a slight protective silken web on the upper surface ot 
the leaf, beneath which they continue their destructive work. When 
full grown they vary from an olive or pale green color to brown; 
are about half an inch long; and have four black shining tubercles 
on the back just behind the head. About midsummer these larvse 
pupate in slight cocoons formed usually on the leaf, and about 
two week later the moths emerge. Eggs are laid by these tor the 
second brood of larvse, which form cocoons before winter sets in 
and hibernate as pupae, the moths from them emerging the follow¬ 
ing spring. But this species is very irregular m its development, 
it being easy to find larvse of nearly all ages almost any time 
during the season. The second brood is usually much moie nu¬ 
merous than the first, and consequently the injury is most notice¬ 
able in September and October. I think it not impossible that m 
certain instances even three broods may be developed. 
It is probable that the larvse of this insect sometimes occur upon 
other trees than the apple, as specimens were received September 
22, 1884, from Sangamon county, Illinois, with the statement that 
they were injuring the leaves of plums and quinces. 
