37 
phosphate fertilizers were evidently the best of the three for grass; 
3ut far the heaviest yield of all was borne where all three ferti- 
izers were combined. 
INSECTICIDES. 
Kerosene emulsion .—My experiments with the kerosene emul¬ 
sions, made in 1882, and described in my entomological report for 
hat year,* have since been repeated substantially by Prof. Atkin- 
;on of North Carolina, by Prof. Herbert Osborn, in Iowa,f and 
)y several farmers of my acquaintance. Prof. Osborn’s results 
confirm, in general, my own, as shown by the following extracts 
rom his report:— 
“The first trial was made July 15, the emulsion used being the 
jommon one, consisting of kerosene, soap, and water, diluted to 
-bout five per cent, kerosene. The bugs were killed very quickly 
>y this application, and great numbers of them could be reached, 
>ut many in particularly secreted places, in folds of leaves and 
mder lumps of earth, escaped. Thrown on to the leaves and run- 
ling down between leaf and stalk, it dislodged and killed immense 
lumbers. Thrown against stalks where they were congregated, it 
rould quickly dislodge the mass, and while it was impossible to 
ee whether all driven off in this way were sufficiently wet to kill 
hem, it was certain that most of them were. This application 
ras at the rate of about 1 gallon of the emulsion or 12 gallons of 
he diluted mixture to five rows of corn for 32 rods, or what would 
qual five gallons of emulsion, 60 gallons of diluted mixture to the 
ere, or a cost for material of less than 60 cents per acre. * * 
“On August 15 applied kerosene emulsion to bugs accumulating 
n corn, using an emulsion diluted to contain about 6 per cent, 
erosene and spraying with cyclone nozzle. Great numbers of 
»ugs could be found dead within a few minutes after application^ 
nd on the following day hosts of dead could be found on 
he ground around the hills treated. In places, however, tho 
talks had become well covered by live bugs that had moved in 
o fill the places of the slain. 
“Subsequently the farm department applied it on a larger scale, 
sing 5 to 6 per cent, emulsion, and spraying from barrels in a 
^agon, one man working the force pump and another manipulating 
tie hose and cyclone nozzle, walking rapidly among the hills of 
orn and directing the spray upon the masses of bugs. This re- 
ulted in the destruction of great numbers. * * * 
_ 
•Twelfth Report of the State Entomologist of Illinois, pp. 59-63. 
t‘‘The Chinch Bug: A General Summary of its History, Habits, Enemies, and of the Remedies 
ad Preventives to be used against it.”—By L. O. Howard. Bull. No. 17, U. S. Dept. Agr., Div, of 
ntomology, p. 41. 
