3mmon consent of writers on this species, both Ameiican and 
)re ign, arG to tliG general effect that trGGS are much more sub- 
‘Ct to injury if they arG in an unhealthy condition, the apple 
articularly, in Southern Illinois, seeming to be attacked only 
hen otherwise debilitated. A single possible exception to this 
fcatement should be made of young apple-trees recently trans¬ 
lated which were attacked without other signs of previous 
weakness than such as naturally follow a change of place 
ome of the leading European writers say that this insect 
ffects only unhealthy trees, simply aggravating their disease, 
whatever it may be, and hastening death. • Certainly, however, 
1 Illinois, so far as one may judge from observations already 
lade, plum- and cherry-trees which would pass as healthy, even 
hose still young and thrifty, sometimes suffer serious injury. 
)n the other hand we have had occasional instances of a vigor¬ 
ous attack made on the trunk and branches of the peach which 
/as apparently repelled by the great effusion of gummy sap, so 
hat no injury has resulted except such as would follow from 
his profuse bleeding. It is further to be noticed that the beetles 
>ore bv preference, as is remarked by Taschenberg, in the parts 
>f the "tree or twigs where the sap flows least vigorously, a 
tatement which will perhaps account for the curious concentra- 
ion of the punctures around small knots and old leaf scars, on 
ateral spurs, and the like. It is also very plain that a dam¬ 
ped branch of a healthy tree is almost certain to attract atten- 
ion when this beetle is abroad, and to receive the first injury. 
Lhe truth seems to be that while these insects clearly prefer 
veakened trees, and will continue to breed in them to some ex- 
ent even after they are nearly or quite dead, they nevertheless 
nav attack such as are really healthy and in which the flow of 
iap is temporarily restrained by transplanting or a relatively 
mthrifty growth. The stone fruits are clearly more liable to 
njury than others, the plum seemingly most of all and the 
)each perhaps next. 
A first attack by this beetle may be made either upon the 
3wigs and smaller branches or, as is much more commonly tte 
iase according to our observations, upon the upper part of the 
:runk and the bases of the larger branches at the forks of the 
ree. It may extend to the very terminal twigs, those as small 
is an eighth of an inch in diameter, or, in the other direction, 
bo the lower part of the trunk to within a few inches of the 
around. The first conspicuous evidence of injury to the twigs 
s a withering of the leaves and a shriveling of the bark similar 
bo that caused by blight; but if the trunk or larger branches 
be attacked, damage to the bark may go on for some time 
without manifest effect upon the general appearance of the tr ee. 
Occasionally the first thing to strike the eye is a remarkable 
amount of gummv exudation, either on the branches 01 the 
trunk, which may take the form of minute scattered drops or 
sometimes, in the peach especially, may run down the trunk to 
the ground in extraordinary quantities. A closer examination 
