9 
them, in fact, are exits for the escape of beetles which have 
matured within the wood and lead directly into the deserted 
pupa chamber. 
As these beetles may, and apparently commonly do, return at 
once to the bark and wood of the tree from which they have 
just emerged, the injury may spread rapidly, with the effect to 
completely undermine the bark as far as it extends, by the 
destruction of the cambium layer. The tree is of course deadened 
IS 
as far as the injury goes. Birds not infrequently search these 
deadened places and break the bark away or leave it hanging 
in shreds. 
Sometimes the trunks of trees, especially the peach, will be 
penetrated by openings of this same sort which do not end in 
burrows, but stop presently without further development. 
Whether these are abortive efforts to enter for breeding pur¬ 
poses, or simply holes dug in feeding, we are not certainly able 
to say. Their great number in the trunk of the peach, and the 
extensive bleeding which they cause must sometimes do consid¬ 
erable harm, and may even so weaken the tree as to leave it 
subject to more serious attack. Indeed, this injury to the trunk 
has occasionally been noticed in company with the usual bur¬ 
rowing and destruction of bark upon the branches and twigs of 
the same tree. 
DESCRIPTION. 
The little beetle by which the perforations are made is about 
one tenth of an inch in length and one third as wide, nearly 
black, except the tip of the wing covers and lower part of the 
legs, which are russet-red. It is somewhat cylindrical in general 
form, and under a glass of moderate power shows a clothing of 
yellowish hairs on head and wing covers and a minute regular 
grooving of the latter, with small punctures between the 
grooves. The thorax is also punctured and delicatety margined 
behind and at the sides. The head is vertical, the jaws stout 
and short, the antenmn short and strongly clubbed. 
The larva or grub, if it may be so called, is without feet, 
white, transversely wrinkled, with a small brown head. The 
anterior segments of the body are considerably thickened, and 
behind these the form tapers slightly to the end. It is, like the 
beetle, about one tenth of an inch in length. 
For technical uses I add a fuller description of these two most 
important stages. 
Imago .—Elongate oval, piceous black, feebly shining, sparsely 
clothed with whitish hairs, antennae, tips of femora, tibiae, tarsi, 
and usually the apical margins of elytra, reddish brown. Head 
finely and very densely punctate above, front finely longitudi¬ 
nally aciculate, more densely hairy, remainder of head nearly 
glabrous, beneath strongly transversely striate. Thorax sparse¬ 
ly hairy, disk glabrous; more coarsely punctate, less densely on 
